Chapter Ten: Mixed Methods Procedures

1. Chapter Ten:Mixed Methods Procedures RESEARCH DESIGN Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches Third Edition John W. Creswell

2. Chapter Outline • Components of Mixed Methods Procedures • The Nature of Mixed Methods Research • Types of Mixed Methods Strategies and Visual Models • Planning Mixed Methods Procedures • Alternative Strategies and Visual Models • Choosing a Mixed Methods Strategy • Data Collection Procedures • Data Analysis and Validation Procedures • Report Presentation Structure • Examples of Mixed Methods Procedures

3. The Nature of Mixed Methods Research • Describe this approach in your proposal • Trace its history • Provide a definition • Mixed methods research is an approach to inquiry that combines or associates both qualitative and quantitative forms. It involves philosophical assumptions, the use of qualitative and quantitative approaches, and the mixing of both approaches in a study. Thus, it is more than simply collecting and analyzing both kinds of data; it also involves the use of both approaches in tandem so that the overall strength of a study is greater than either qualitative or quantitative research (Creswell & Plano Clark, 2007). • Discuss the challenges with this approach

4. Planning Mixed Methods Procedures

5. Sequential Designs and Visual Models • Sequential Explanatory Design • Sequential Exploratory Design • Sequential Transformative Design QUAN qual QUAL quan QUAL quanSocial science theory, qualitative theory, advocacy worldview QUAN qualSocial science theory, qualitative theory, advocacy worldview

6. Concurrent Designs and Visual Models • Concurrent Triangulation Design + • Concurrent Embedded Designs • Concurrent Transformative Designs QUAN QUAL QUAN QUAL qual quan QUAN + QUAL Social science theory, qualitative theory, advocacy worldview QUAL Social science theory, qualitative theory, advocacy worldview quan

7. Data Collection Procedures • Identify the types of quantitative and qualitative data • Develop a rigorous sampling procedure that may include aspects of both random and purposeful sampling • Provide details in a visual diagram of your study

8. Data Analysis and Validation Procedures • Match data analysis to the mixed methods strategy of inquiry • Popular procedures include: • Data transformation • Explore outliers • Instrument development • Examine multiple levels • Create a matrix • Validation procedures: • Quantitative procedures (e.g., validity and reliability of scores) • Qualitative procedures (e.g., check accuracy of findings) • Mixed methods procedures (e.g., legitimation of the mixed methods study)

9. Report Presentation Structure • Report structure follows from the mixed methods strategy of inquiry • Sequential study: • Organize the report into sections ordered to match the phases of the study • Concurrent study: • Organize the data collection into separate sections • The analysis and interpretation may be combined • Transformative study: • Use either a sequential or concurrent report structure • Advance the advocacy issue at the beginning and an agenda for change at the end

10. Chapter Ten:Mixed Methods Procedures RESEARCH DESIGN Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches Third Edition John W. Creswell