Parent Training: Communicable Diseases & Bloodborne Pathogens

1. Parent Training: Communicable Diseases & Bloodborne Pathogens Community Council of Idaho, Inc. Migrant & Seasonal Head Start

2. Communicable diseases, • Sometimes called infectious diseases • Illnesses caused by organisms such as • Bacteria • Viruses • Fungi (hongos) • Parasites (parásito) • Sometimes not due to the organism itself, but rather a toxin (toxina).

3. Illnesses caused by organisms such as: • B_ _ _ _ _ _ _ • V_ _ _ _ _ _ • F_ _ _ _ • P_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

4. Communicable Diseases What are some that you can think of? How are they transmitted?

5. How are CD Transmitted (spread) • One infected person to another, • From an animal to a human, or • From some inanimate object • Ex: doorknobs to an individual (tirador de la puerta) • Some communicable diseases can be spread in more than one way.

6. How are CD Transmitted (spread) • A • B • C • D

7. Why are Young Children at Risk? • Children in child care are more likely to get sick than children who stay at home. • Children are at risk for getting communicable diseases because: • they have developing immune systems • Infants & young children explore their environment by using their hands and mouths. • Young children do not wash their hands on their own after toileting, eating or wiping their noses, they often spread germs. • Staff may not always take time to wash their hands between activities (i.e. diapering, wiping noses, preparing food).

8. What types of diseases are most commonly seen in young children? • Ear Infections: Not contagious • Upper Respiratory: Contagious • Runny Nose: often a sign of a respiratory illness caused by a virus, but can also come from crying, teething, being out in cold weather, or allergies. • Rashes are not usually contagious (2 common rashes). • Heat rash: mostly found in the skin folds of a child and is a small, red rash that t is most often the result of being too bundled up. It will disappear once the child is cooler. • Milia: occurs on the face & consists of very small, white bumps over the forehead and cheeks. Harmless and will eventually go away.

9. Continued • Nausea and Vomiting: Viral infection that is contagious. • There are many reasons for nausea and vomiting, including illness, so a vomiting infant should be separated from other children, and monitored closely for signs of dehydration and illness. • Pink Eye: contagious

10. How are Diseases Spread? • Respiratory: most common way diseases pass from one child to another is through direct contact with the mucous membranes of the nose, mouth or eyes (due to inadequate hygiene). • Recurrent middle ear infection • Meningitis • Upper respiratory infections (colds, coughs, sinusitis) • Sore throat • Lower respiratory infections (pneumonia, repiratory syncytila virus(RSV)) • Haemophilus Influenza type B (HIB) • Whooping cough (pertussis) • Tuberculosis • Swine-Influenza (see handout)

11. Fecal-Oral: viruses can be passed from one person to another through inadequate hand washing or hand-to-mouth behavior, fecal material is brought into a child’s mouth, causing illness. • Children in diapers and children that put toys and other objects in their mouths are at risk. • An uncovered sandbox can contain cat or other animal feces that may cause disease in humans. • Diarrheal illnesses, pinworms, hand-foot-mouth disease (coxsackie), and hepatitis A.

12. Skin-to-Skin: viruses can be spread by touching and sharing of personal belongings, dress-up clothes, stuffed toys and other items can contribute to the transmission of some infections: • Chickenpox (varicella) • Impetigo (skin infection caused by bacteria) • Scabies (itchy skin caused by mites) • Head lice • Scalp and body ringworm • Herpes simplex virus (cold sores)

13. Body Fluids: Blood, Urine, Saliva (Bloodborne Pathogens) • Bloodborne disease: disease carried by blood or other body fluid • Germs live in body fluids • When children put toys and fingers in their mouths, they can spread disease through their body fluids • Cytomegalovirus (CMV): viral infection that is usually harmless unless the immune system is weak • Hepatitis B and C • HIV / AIDS

14. How are Diseases Spread? • R • F • S • B

15. Rompa la cadena de la enfermedad!! Washing hands is one of the most important steps we can take to avoid getting sick and spreading germs to others.

16. ACTIVITY:Hand WashingSupplies Needed:Glow GermsBlack Light

17. INSTRUCTIONS:Glo Germ™ Liquid is rubbed onto one’s hands like lotion. Then wash your hands as normal. Use the ultra-violet light to discover remaining germs left behind.Review proper hand washing procedures.