A Comparative Study of Nutritional Status of Children Aged 11 14 Years of Low and High Economical Background, Surat

1. International Research UGC Approved International Open Access Journal UGC Approved International Open Access Journal A Comparative Study of Nutritional Status of Children Aged 11 Years of Low and High Economical Background, Surat Years of Low and High Economical Background, Surat International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) UGC Approved International Open Access Journal Scientific (IJTSRD) ISSN No: 2456 ISSN No: 2456 - 6470 | www.ijtsrd.com | Volume 6470 | www.ijtsrd.com | Volume - 1 | Issue – 5 A Comparative Study of Nutritional Years of Low and High Economical Background, Surat Status of Children Aged 11-14 Dr. Bhavana Chauhan S.M.Patel College Of HomeScience, S.M.Patel College Of HomeScience, Vallabh Vidyanagar Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India ABSTRACT parents, monthly income, personal hygiene, clinical sign, puberty changes, dietary details, food of child, activity patterns, meal frequency are recorded. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS I9 for mean, percentage, and parents, monthly income, personal hygiene, clinical sign, puberty changes, dietary details, food frequency, questionnaire of child, activity patterns, meal frequency are recorded. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS I9 for mean, percentage, and test. Nutritional status is the condition of health of an individual as influenced by nutrient intake and utilization in the body. Malnutrition is major public health problem in developing countries. Usually referred to as silent emergency, it has devastating effect on children, society and future humankind. The term malnutrition refers to both under nutrition as well as over-nutrition. Rural areas of developing countries are generally prioritized as regards nutrition intervention, because under nutrition is more widespread than in urban areas. status is the condition of health of an individual as influenced by nutrient intake and utilization in the body. Malnutrition is major public health problem in developing countries. Usually referred to as silent emergency, it has devastating dren, society and future humankind. The term malnutrition refers to both under nutrition nutrition. Rural areas of developing countries are generally prioritized as regards nutrition intervention, because under nutrition is RESULT The study concluded the nutritional status of government school children was poor than private . The prevalence of stunting and wasting was higher and low hemoglobin in government school. Hemoglobin percentage in private school 26% are normal and n government only 4% are normal while in private school 8% are highly anemic and 66% are in government school. There were 36% boys and 36% girls had BMI percentile in government school, while in private school 32% boys and 20% girls had The study concluded the nutritional status of government school children was poor than private school children. The prevalence of stunting and wasting was higher and low hemoglobin in government school. Hemoglobin percentage in private school 26% are normal and n government only 4% are normal while in private school 8% are highly anemic and 66% are in government s There were 36% boys and 36% girls had BMI percentile < 25th percentile in government school, while in private school 32% boys and 20% girls had BMI percentile < 25th percentile. percentile. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY To study the socio demographic profile of children from high and low socio economic groups in Surat. To assess the nutritional status of children by anthropometry. To study the biochemical. To study the physical activity clinical sign and personal hygiene habits. To correlate food intake with nutritional status. To correlate food intake with nutritional status. To study the socio demographic profile of children from high and low socio economic To assess the nutritional status of children by activity clinical sign and Nutritional Status, School Going Anthropometric Haemoglobin, Body Mass Index, Socio Economic KEYWORDS: Nutritional Status, School Going Children, Anthropometric Haemoglobin, Body Mass Index, Socio Economic Background Children, Measurements, MATERIALS AND METHODS Comparative study is to assess the nutritional status of Shree Dayalji Karasanji Bhatarkar Vidyasankul’s as 11-14 years old students of low economical background and Gajaraba Prathmik Shala’s 11 years old students of high economical background. Total 100 children are included in the study of height, weight, BMI, family history; socio economical history, education and occupation of economical history, education and occupation of Comparative study is to assess the nutritional status of Shree Dayalji Karasanji Bhatarkar Vidyasankul’s 14 years old students of low economical background and Gajaraba Prathmik Shala’s 11-14 years old students of high economical background. 0 children are included in the study of height, weight, BMI, family history; socio INTRODUCTION The foundation of good health and sound mind is laid during the school age period. A child’s entire life determine by the food given to him during their childhood, because childhood period is of rapid growth and development. Poor personal hygiene in combination is related to nutritional deficiencies, worm infestation and diarrhea. It adversely affects worm infestation and diarrhea. It adversely affects The foundation of good health and sound mind is laid during the school age period. A child’s entire life determine by the food given to him during their hildhood period is of rapid Poor personal hygiene in combination is related to nutritional deficiencies, @ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com @ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 1 | Issue – 5 Page: 117

2. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470 Sensory and motor development. Kids this age may be a little awkward or clumsy. Their brains need time to adjust to longer limbs and bigger bodies. Getting regular moderate exercise can improve coordination and help your child build healthy habits. the attendance of school and learning process in developing countries1, this rising epidemic along with the persistence of under nutrition and infectious typifies the ‘double burden of malnutrition’ (DBM)2 Proper nutrition, good personal hygiene helps in providing good health of children, & it indirectly minimize the medical government. expenses of Indian MATERIAL AND METHOD The comparative study is done among the school students of 11-18 years by analyzing the blood samples to measure haemoglobin (HB), to evaluate their Body Mass Index (BMI), dietary habits and the status of awareness regarding the food intake. It was project work for the partial fulfilment for the degree of Master’s of Science in Dietetics and Food service Management. Iron deficiency adversely affects the cognitive performance, behavior, and physical growth of infants, preschool and school-aged children; the immune status and morbidity from infections of all age groups; and The use of energy sources by muscles and thus the physical capacity and work performance of adolescents and adults of all age groups. Specifically, iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy increases prenatal risks for mothers and neonates; and Increases overall infant mortality. the concentration of The study included 100 school students aged 11-14 years of 6th and 7th standard from high and low socio-economical background, from two schools. Study is conducted both in male and female, to compare nutritional status and prevalence of amenia between these two groups. Before collecting data, I have taken written consent from participants and their parents. Participants who were not interested to provide data were excluded from the study and another volunteer was selected. From ages 11 through 14, a child develop in four main areas: Physical development. Adolescence is a time of change throughout spurt usually occurs near the time of puberty. Girls begin to develop breasts and start their periods. Boys grow facial hair. Both boys and girls grow pubic hair. Boys may lag behind girls in height during these years, but they usually end up taller. Cognitive development. This is how the brain develops the abilities to think, learn, reason, and remember. Kids this age typically focus on the present, but they are starting to understand that what they do now can have long-term effects. They are also beginning to see that issues are not just clear-cut and that information can be interpreted in different ways. Emotional and social development. As they start to move from childhood into adulthood, adolescents feel the urge to be more independent from their families. Often, friends replace parents as a source of advice. When at home, adolescents may prefer spending time alone to being part of the family. Still, family support is important to help them build a strong sense of self. the body. A growth DATA COLLECTION We were the team of me, one laboratory technicians and volunteer teachers from school, collected data and using a pretested questionnaire and measured hemoglobin concentration, height and weight of each student. Questionnaire gave us information of height, weight, BMI, family history, socio economical history, education and occupation of parents, monthly income, personal hygiene, clinical sign, puberty changes, dietary details, food frequency, questionnaire of child, activity patterns, meal frequency are recorded. HB Cyanmethaermoglobin method3 with the autochem 2011. Anemia was classified into three degree according to WHO; mild, moderate and severe.4 The procedure followed in checking the hemoglobin is as follows. 5 ml of Drabkins reagent and that add to 20 micro ml of blood. Mix well and allow standing at room temperature for 5 Minutes completion for reaction. The color formed is then compared with concentration was estimated as per @ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 1 | Issue – 5 Page: 118

3. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470 the standard and reagent in a calorimeter at 540 nanometer. the standard and reagent in a calorimeter at 540 ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ? 15 Hemoglobin Concentration = (Given per deciliter) Hemoglobin Concentration = RESULTS PREVALENCE OF ANAEMIA IN CHILDREN BASED ON HAEMOGLOBIN ESTIMATION PREVALENCE OF ANAEMIA IN CHILDREN BASED ON HAEMOGLOBIN ESTIMATION PREVALENCE OF ANAEMIA IN CHILDREN BASED ON HAEMOGLOBIN ESTIMATION5 Sr. No. HB % (gm/dl) School - 1 (Private) School School - 2 (Government) N 27 12 7 4 50 N 1 5 14 30 50 Mean (HB) 12.75 ± 0.24 11.36 ± 0.14 10.40 ± 0.134 9.366 ± 0.40 Mean (HB) 12.1 ± 0.746 11.12 ± 0.48 10.35 ± 0.247 9.06 ± 0.88 >= 12.0 11.0-11.9 10.0-10.9 <10.0 Total 1 2 3 4 @ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com @ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 1 | Issue – 5 Page: 119

4. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470 Church, A. T. and Katigback, M. S. 1991, Home environment, nutritional status and maternal determinants of intellectual development in rural CONCLUSION In high socio-economical background school’s children, 54% of the students have haemoglobin concentration >= 12.0 gm/dl, where as 8% are <10.0 gm/dl. economical background school’s children, 54% of the students have haemoglobin >= 12.0 gm/dl, where as 8% are <10.0 3)Church, A. T. and Katigback, M. S. 1991, environment, nutritional status and maternal intelligence as determinants of intellectual development in rural Intelligence, 15: 49-78. 4)ICMR Nutrient Requirements Dietary Allowances for Indian Expert Group of the Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India. (2008) 5)World Health Organization, 2009. Philippine Philippine children children. On other hand, in low socio-economical background school’s children, 2% of the students have haemoglobin concentration >= 12.0 gm/dl, where as 60% are <10.0 gm/dl. which is totally opposite of the children belonging to background school. economical background school’s children, 2% of the students have Nutrient Requirements and Recommended Dietary Allowances for Indian. A Report of the Expert Group of the Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India. (2008) >= 12.0 gm/dl, where as hich is totally opposite of the high socio socio-economical World Health Organization, 2009. Result of the study revealed that the prevalence for stunting and wanting was more among children of government school than private school. The lower anthropometric measurements of Government school children can be attributed to their frequent illness due to lack of hygiene, which is reflected by the poor socio-economic status. Result of the study revealed that the prevalence for stunting and wanting was more among children of overnment school than private school. The lower anthropometric measurements of Government school children can be attributed to their frequent illness due to lack of hygiene, which is reflected by the poor REFERENCES 1)Casapia M, Joseph SA, Nunez C, Rahme E, and Gyorkos TW: Parasite risk factors for stunting in grade 5 students in a community of extreme poverty in Peru. Int J Parasitol 2006, 36(7):741 747. 2)Pollitt E: Early iron deficiency anemia and later mental retardation. Am J Clin Nutr 1999, 69(1):4 5. h SA, Nunez C, Rahme E, and Gyorkos TW: Parasite risk factors for stunting in grade 5 students in a community of extreme 2006, 36(7):741- Early iron deficiency anemia and later Nutr 1999, 69(1):4- @ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com @ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 1 | Issue – 5 Page: 120