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Recreational Facilities in Sai Kung --. The Jockey Club Kau Sai Chau. Public Golf Course. By Channey Chan, Carlokas Ho, Esther Ng, Elby Ip and Pearl Chan. Introduction. Introduction to Kau Sai Chau (I). 5th largest island of HK Lie in the centre of Port Shelter.
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Recreational Facilities in Sai Kung -- The Jockey Club Kau Sai Chau Public Golf Course By Channey Chan, Carlokas Ho, Esther Ng, Elby Ip and Pearl Chan
Introduction to Kau Sai Chau (I) • 5th largest island of HK • Lie in the centre of Port Shelter • Large mangrove community on the north part of island (reservoir)
History of Kau Sai Chau (I) • 1936-1975: military training in aerial bombing and artillery shelling by HK government • Fire damage and soil erosion by shelling and hillfires • Dominated by low shrubs and grasses
History of Kau Sai Chau (II) Before After
About the Public Golf Course (I) • Jockey Club was aware of the growing wish of golf course • Build a public golf course with 2 sites, north and south • Agreement with HK government • HK government: land • Jockey Club: construction and maintenance • Environmental assessments • Before construction • Become framework of EIA for EPD
About the Public Golf Course (II) • Known as “environmentally friendly” golf course • "Certified Audubon Cooperative Sanctuary" – 1st golf course in China to win this distinction • Aim at promoting golf to public • Not-for-profit-making basis • Has started the 3rd site construction in 2006 • Adopt a long sustainable plan
Rationale for Choice • Target: Kau Sai Chau Public Golf Course i. Historical background • military training in bombing and shelling ii. Common sense of building golf course • environmentally unfriendly iii. Recreational facilities • first public golf course
Our Goals • Is Kau Sai Chau golf course really environmentally unfriendly? • Impacts Positive? Negative? • Assess sustainability of golf course • Any further development? • Any impacts on other aspects?
Baseline Information
Research Methods of Baseline Information • Primary research: • Interviews with stakeholders • Kevin Yuen, general manager of the Jockey Club Kau Sai Chau Public Golf Course Limited • Observation • Secondary materials: • Government publications • Newspaper searching • Internet • Printed books
Baseline Conditions and ImpactsSocial Aspect (I) • Community Project • provision of a healthy sport • encouragement of compliance in etiquette and fairness • indoctrinate proper values to younger generation • harmonization of family (parent-child activities)
Baseline Conditions and ImpactsSocial Aspect (II) • providing therapeutic services to people with disabilities • assisting in fund raising activities • expanding elite golfer training to the grass-root level
Baseline Conditions and ImpactsEconomic Aspect • attracting more visitors to Sai Kung positive effect on local economy • provision of jobs • minimizing the drain of wealth from Hong Kong to other golf cities • enhancing the growth of golf industry
Baseline Conditions and ImpactsEnvironmental Aspect Before development: • little habitats • degraded by hill fires soil erosion, washouts • shell damages resulted from artillery practices in the 1950s
Baseline Conditions and ImpactsEnvironmental Aspect Benefits: • converted the barren island to a scenic place (improved visual effect) • re-colonization of flora and fauna • reduced soil erosion • increased hill fire control • preserve coastline
Baseline Conditions and ImpactsEnvironmental Aspect Present: • minimum use of pesticides • planting of environmentally friendly turf grass “Seashore Paspalum” for the 3rd golf course currently under construction
Baseline Conditions and ImpactsPolitical Aspect • Served as a blueprint for the drafting and establishment of the Environmental Impact Assessment Ordinance (EIAO) which came into effect in 1998, two years after the KSC golf course had been opened. • Resulted in clearer categorization of development projects requiring environmental permits: outdoor golf course development is one of the categories of designated projects in the EIAO. • Green groups are part of the advisory/monitoring committees in development projects ( the government tends to be more responsive to the environmental concerns of the public and Green groups).
Stakeholders' Information
Types of Participants (I) • KSC golf course • Environmental groups (green groups) • World Wide Fund, The Conservancy Association, Friends of the Earth • Golf players and visitors • Government departments • Environmental Protection Department, Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department, Planning Department and Sustainable Development Council
Types of Participants (II) • Environmental consultants • Sai Kung residents • Sai Kung fishermen • Kau Sai villagers
Interrelations of Participants Society Environment Environment Community Economy Politics
Examples of Interrelations • Society Economy • e.g. Sai Kung Residents and Job Provision to Sai Kung Residents • Politics Environment • e.g. Legislation of EIA and HK water quality