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The Russian Revolution

The Russian Revolution. Essential Question. What events and people helped cause the Russian Revolution?. Causes. Russian economy is weak/no food Tsar Nicholas II an ineffective leader Bloody Sunday – people lose faith in the Tsar Provisional Govt stays in the war

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The Russian Revolution

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  1. The Russian Revolution

  2. Essential Question • What events and people helped cause the Russian Revolution?

  3. Causes • Russian economy is weak/no food • Tsar Nicholas II an ineffective leader • Bloody Sunday – people lose faith in the Tsar • Provisional Govt stays in the war • Russia is losing the war with Germany

  4. Was Tsar Nicholas an effective leader

  5. March 1917 Revolution • Nicholas II abdicates in March 1917 • Duma establishes a provisional government – democracy • Continues the war – mistake • Provisional government loses support

  6. Causes • Bloody Sunday – people lose faith in the Tsar • Tsar Nicholas II was an ineffective leader • Russian economy was weak/small • Russia was losing the war (militarily and economically) • Provisional Govt stays in the war

  7. Other things at work

  8. November Revolution • Provisional Government overthrown by radicals • Bolsheviks (communists) led by Vladimir Lenin • Promises “peace, land, and bread” • Pulls Russia out of the war • Establishes the Soviet Union

  9. Murder of the royal family

  10. Background • Before 1917, Russia was controlled by a tsar (king) • Autocracy – absolute rule • The Russian Economy • Not fully industrialized, but in the process

  11. Tsar Nicholas II • Family man • Devout • Paternal • Indecisive • Would have preferred not to be the tsar • Overall, not an effective leader

  12. Pre-War Years: 1900 - 1914 • Russia slowly industrializes • Horrible working conditions in factories • Working class not happy • Workers seek change

  13. Revolution of 1905 • Bloody Sunday • 200,000 workers marched in St. Petersburg • Brought a petition to the Tsar’s palace • Chaos ensues and troops open fire • Several hundred are killed • Tsar loses support • Nicholas agrees to a Duma (congress)

  14. Russia in WWI • Economy not prepared • Lack of supplies • Suffers heavy casualties and many defeats • People begin to riot because of food shortages • Eventually army turns on Tsar

  15. Other things at work

  16. March 1917 Revolution • Nicholas II abdicates in March 1917 • Duma establishes a provisional government – democracy • Continues the war – mistake • Provisional government loses support

  17. November Revolution • Provisional Government overthrown by radicals • Bolsheviks (communists) led by Vladimir Lenin • Promises “peace, land, and bread” • Pulls Russia out of the war • Germany can now focus on the Western Front • Establish the Soviet Union

  18. Murder of the royal family

  19. EQ: How did Lenin and the Bolsheviks change Russia?

  20. Lenin’s Russia • Russia becomes the Soviet Union • New Capital – Moscow • Treaty with Germany to end the war • Russia lost land • Distributes farmland to peasants • Workers control factories • Communists/Bolsheviks control government and average person has little freedom

  21. Russian Civil War • 1917 – 1922 • Red Army (under Lenin and the Bolsheviks) vs White Army (those who opposed the Bolsheviks) • 10 million die • Red Army eventually wins

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