编辑信息“课程 + 分数（ 5,4,3,2,1 ，最高分 5 分，最低分 1 分）”（例如：听力 +5 ）发送至“小马公开课”微信，为老师打分，将有机会获得小马过河送出的精美礼品一份。

1. 编辑信息“课程+分数（5,4,3,2,1，最高分5分，最低分1分）”（例如：听力+5）发送至“小马公开课”微信，为老师打分，将有机会获得小马过河送出的精美礼品一份。

2. 4月听力点题（2） 小马托福听力主讲教师：苏显嘉

3. 加试 • 阅读（不考经典加试，只考新题加试） • 听力（98%考经典加试） • 1、鸟类迁徙，大王花，拉格泰姆音乐 • 2、ID卡，神经胶质细胞，浪漫主主义诗歌

4. 听力加试 • 看文章，分析题目和答案 • 千万不要背答案

5. 14年427五大听力话题 （一）环境科学/地球科学 • TPO 23 L2 Earth Radiation Budget • TPO 29 L4 Carbon Nanotube

6. 14年427五大听力话题 （二）人类学/考古 • TPO 07 L3 Iroquois people • TPO 24 L3 Megafauna

7. 14年427五大听力话题 （三）生物学 • TPO 26 L3 Carbon Cycling • 经典加试Rafflesia

8. 14年427五大听力话题 （四）天文学 • TPO 30 L3 Jarosite • TPO 26 L3 Comets

9. 14年427五大听力话题 （五）文学 • TPO 4 Lecture 2 Emerson’s work

10. 第二期机经

11. 新增机经1 学生找暑期工 生物学男生找到学校 employment office 求暑期实习,他有一份食堂打工,但是 hour 不够,他想赚更多钱。 office 的老师表示其实我们这里主要是给毕业生搞全职工作的呀,不过有个毕业生的jobfair你可以参加。 男生表示啊那不是给毕业生的么,老师表示对啊但是里面也有给非毕业生的暑期实习,事实上有些还不错, 比如医院实习和科学 center 需要 tour lead 解说员,而且有些实习还可以算学校 credit。除了这些,老师提 到了一份给动物园里面照顾动物的工作。男生对动物园工作表示木有兴趣,明显觉得医院工作比较高端大 气上档次(此处一题),询问是不是实习都可以算 credit,老师说不一定看情况,并且表示做 summer 的话 男生得把食堂打工辞掉而且以后不一定能再回去打工了,男生表示他愿意辞掉来找一个好 summer。

12. 新增机经2 Mars 的俩半球 老师讲解 Mars 的俩半球不一样,一半蓝蓝的一半橘红色,蓝色的 young 些,橘红的年代久远些。说北半 球比南半球年轻一些,然后讲半球表面的坑(一个不懂的单词,猜的)的形成原因,两种可能性,一个是 火星地层的大变动,说这样的情况如果发生在地球是很难观察的(意思是如果这个是真的,火星上发生这 个更难观察),一个是外面的行星撞击火星导致。老师提到了用 computer 来 simulation(啊我的专业!) 说研究人员研究了三个要素:speed、angle 还有一个什么(此处多选一道),来类比了几百种模式,最后测 出来估计是某种 xx 的资料,很大的力度。老师表示这么大的力度一般只有在太阳系初期才能见到,大概 跟 moon 的形成时间差不多,这些研究有助于我们研究 mercury 的一些性质。

13. 新增机经3 学生找老师讨论自己下一篇文学课 essay 学生找老师讨论自己下一篇文学课 essay 些什么。他上一篇写的是鉴赏“等待果陀”,着重分析了里面很 多东西都是成对 in pairs 出现的,老师觉得他写的不错,还提了评论家评论这个剧情节特别少,学生表示 自己下一篇想继续写分析“等待果陀”结构,第一节第二节的关系什么的,老师表示这门课只是希望学生 了解不同的文学体裁表达自己的看法,学生表示明白:老师要的不是 research paper(此处一题)。老师让 学生下一篇鉴赏 poem 或者 short story,如果真的对 drama 很感兴趣,save energy 给后面去 take 一些专注 于研究 drama 的课程。

14. 新增机经4 一种凶猛的 predator 细菌 B 细菌 B 生活在水里,有一个尾巴推动它游动。它捕食别的细菌方式很特别,先用化学物质腐蚀一个口子, 然后它 spin 啊 spin,弄开一个大口,钻进去,把原细胞的 functions 搅得一团糟,然后利用细胞中的养分 自己长啊长,长成好几节然后分裂成几个新的 B 细胞再钻出去(略噁心重口。。。)教授说这个细菌很 有研究价值,它可以起到一些作用,比如用来消灭那些可能造成人体皮肤表面发炎的病菌,B 可以用自己 的方式消灭它们,比如消除 biosphere,它是一个细菌繁殖产生的平面,举例是人早上起来牙齿表面黏黏 (不一定是,反正是形容某种较噁心的状态)的一层,有希望用 B 来 naturally 地干掉它。

15. 新增机经5 早期人类怎么迁徙到美洲大陆。 讲了对两个考古 site 的发掘,都有题,第一个忘了,第二个是在智利和宾州那边,怀疑这群人不是从西伯 利亚来的。然后就有了第二个推论,说他们可能是走水路从欧洲来的,因为对西伯利亚的考古没有发现类 似 Clovis Point 的东西,但是在法国和西班牙发现了,还推测了两个可能的路线。后来有学生提问那是不第二个解释比较合理,老师又说这个推测其实也有很多问题之类的(有重听题,选 老师觉得这个推论有道理,但是也有很多问题)。

16. 听力冲刺方法：精听+泛听

18. 四大疑难人群及解决办法 1、听不懂——欠听写（中文+英文）跟读 2、听不懂——欠听写（中文）跟读 3、听懂不会做题——欠做笔记、复述 4、听懂不会做题——欠阅读！

21. 出题点 • 总结使用 • 不需刻意听出题点 • 在听懂的基础上才能使用！

22. （1）开头 today, now, this class 目的主旨 内容主旨

23. TPO 23 L4 1. What is the main purpose of the lecture? To discuss some films the class will be viewing To help prepare students for a class assignment To compare two types of filmmaking techniques To talk about the history of screen dance

24. TPO 21 L1 1. What is the purpose of the lecture? A. To explain how the heliocentric theory of the universe developed. B. To give an example of the persistence of traditional theories C. To show that scientific knowledge is rarely influenced by philosophy D. To compare methods in observational and theoretical astronomy

25. TPO 23 C2 • 1.Why does the man go to see the professor? • To discuss a grade he received on a paper • To get advice about which course he should take next term • To ask a question about a reading assignment • To request permission to take an advanced course

26. TPO 18 L4 • 1. What is the main purpose of the lecture? • To explain the biological advantages of a physical change that occurs in North American wood frogs • To explain why the North American wood frog's habitat range has expanded • To describe the functioning of the circulatory system of the North American wood frog • To introduce students to an unusual phenomenon affecting North American wood frogs

27. （2）转折 but, however in fact to be honest

28. TPO 24 L2 6. Why does the professor say this To explain why Duncan was invited to perform in Russia To indicate that the Russian government strongly supported ballet To explain why there were more dance critics in Russia than in most other countries To help explain why Duncan’s style was not appreciated by some dance critics

29. （3）过去式表述/ 大多数人表述 knew, thought, would, said, believed

30. TPO 18 L3 • 3. What two factors explain why medieval Europeans did not use spices to cover the taste of spoiled meat? • Click on 2 answers • Fresh meat was less expensive than spices were • Spices were mainly used in incense and perfume • The sale of spoiled food was prohibited • Salt was cheaper than most spices were

31. 防水防盗防信息重组

32. TPO 23 L4 3. How does the professor try to make students feel more confident about their assignment? Click on 2 answers. He tells them they will be able to practice editing films. He tells them that technical assistance is available if they need it. He tells them they will not be graded on the technical aspects of their film. He tells them that editing techniques are easy to learn.

33. （4）比较 er, more, unlike, most 2 types, not × ？ √ 100%

34. TPO 16 L1 • 5. What can be inferred from be fact that Lechuguilla Cave is no longer forming? • The cave has stopped attracting visitors • The cave no longer contains any limestone • The air in the cave is safer to breathe now than it was in the past • Gypsum deposits inside the cave are growing thicker

35. TPO 24 L2 2. Why does the professor mention modern art and modern music? To illustrate how different art forms can interact with one another To identity some characteristics shared by all forms of artistic expression To explain that modem dance also broke with traditions To compare the attitudes of European and American critics to modern dance

36. （5）举例 ——阐明观点

37. TPO 23 L4 2. Why does the professor say that facial expressions are relatively unimportant in live performances? To point out that dancing and acting have many differences To emphasize that screen dancers should not be concerned about their facial expressions To give an example of a weakness of modern choreography To suggest a reason why dancers might want to participate in a screen dance

38. （6）强调 ? so

39. （6）强调 ? //////////// so//////////////

40. TPO 24 L2 2. Why does the professor mention modern art and modern music? To illustrate how different art forms can interact with one another To identity some characteristics shared by all forms of artistic expression To explain that modem dance also broke with traditions To compare the attitudes of European and American critics to modern dance

41. 注意开放式结尾

42. TPO 22 L2 6. What is the professor’s attitude about the bright-young-Sun solution? A. He is surprised that it is not more widely accepted. B. He feels that it raises too many unanswerable questions. C. He is confident that future research will determine whether it is true. D. He expects that other possible solutions to the paradox will be proposed.

43. TPO 25 L1 6. What is the professor’s attitude toward the effort to save the Florida torreya? A. She is glad that some conservationists are willing to take a chance on assisted migration B. She is concerned because it may have unintended consequences C. She is surprised because other species are more endangered than Florida torreya is D. She expects the effort will have to be repeated several times before it succeeds

44. TPO 20 L2 5. What is the professor’s attitude toward industrialization? A. He thinks that its effect on Earth’s climate will decrease over time B. He is worried that it may speed the arrival of the next ice age C. He thinks that it may reduce the effect of agriculture on Earth’s climate. D. He is unsure about its long-term effects on Earth’s climate.

45. TPO 15 L2 • 6. What does the professor say about future researchers? • They may not agree that humans have had an important effect on Earth’s surface • They will not have reliable evidence of what is happening today • They will determine when the Anthropocene epoch began • They will make predictions about when the Anthropocene epoch will end

46. TPO 24 L4 6. What is the professor’s opinion about the theory that Venus' volcanoes are active? The theory has recently been proved by direct observation At least two kinds of evidence support the theory The data collected so far about the theory are contradictory New findings have made the theory quite unlikely.

47. 做题方法 • 1、听 • 听得懂——当中文听，找层次 • 听不懂——跟随复述 • 2、笔记 • 分层

48. 做题方法 • 3、做题步骤=阅读 • 看题目，翻译成中文 • 在笔记或记忆中找到定位，思考上下句联系，找到答案 • 心中有了答案再看选项 • 把错误选项排除的最好方法：翻译

49. 听写是提高听力的唯一途径

50. 编辑信息“课程+分数（5,4,3,2,1，最高分5分，最低分1分）”（例如：听力+5）发送至“小马公开课”微信，为老师打分，将有机会获得小马过河送出的精美礼品一份。