Companies

1. Companies Starting up Business

2. MATCH the words on the right with their translations: To start up/set up Fare ricerche di mercato Founders Unire To launch Fallimento subsidiaries Fondatori to merge with another company Filiali To go into partnership with Iniziare/fondare To fund Lanciare sul mercato To do market research Sopravvivere To survive Andare in partenariato To be successful Finanziare A failure Avere successo

3. To start up = iniziare Set up = fondare (or to be set up) Founders = fondatori To launch = lanciare sul mercato Subsidiaries = filiali To merge with another company = unire con To go into partnership with = andare in partenariato/creare un impresa collettiva To fund = finanziare To do market research = fare ricerche di mercato To survive = sopravivere To be successful = Avere successo A failure = fallimento

4. To start up / To set up The company started up in 2001 The company was set up in 2001 Jacob Davis set up his company in 2001 The company was set up by Jacob Davis.

5. How do companies start up/begin? When was the company set up? (Fondato) Who are the founders? (fondatori) What new products were launched? (lanciati sul mercato) Did the compsny set up any subsidiaries? (filiali) Did the company merge with another company? (unire) Or go into partnership? (andare in partenariato/creare un impresa colletiva) How was the company funded? (finanziato) Did the company do any market research? (Ricerche di mercato) How do the companies survive in time? Why are they successful?

6. Levi Strauss & Co «One of the biggest success stories»

7. VOCAB: Verb-nouns collocationssee article about Levi strauss & CoMatch the verbs and nouns Set up Launch Take over Win Run Inherit a. an award b. a business c. a product d. money e. an advertising campaign f. the presidency/directorship

8. VOCAB: Verb-nouns collocationssee article about Levi strauss & Cokey (in order) a. a business b. a product/ a business/an advertising campaign c. A business / the presidency or directorship d. an award/ (money) e. A business /an advertising campaign f. A business / money Set up Launch Take over Win Run Inherit

9. Company history Levis Strauss & Co How and when did this company startup? Levi Strauss set up a clothing business in 1853. Who? Levi Strauss and Jacob Davis are the founders. David had a plan for a new design and they went into partnership. (impresa collettiva) How did they continue after Levi’s death? The family inherited the company and carried on the business. They won an award and the company continued to expand and grew rapidly.

10. «One of the biggest success stories» Why were they so successful? They spent a lot of money on advertising. They ran a strong advertisingcampaign. They advertised everywhere: on posters, billboards and on TV (commercials, advertisements) In 1985 they launched their famous laundrette commercial.

11. Place the dates and missing words in the time line of important events DATE - EVENT 1902 - The first Scandia truck leaves the …………. 1911 - Scania …………..with Vabis. - Scania sets up a ……………………in Brazil - The company chooses the Netherlands for its 1° ………………………………in the EC. - Saab merges …………….Scania-Vabis. - Saab-Scania ……………a new generation of trucks. 1989 – Saab-Scania wins…………………….. 1992 – Saab-Scannia ……………a …………….in France.

12. KEY DATE - EVENT 1902 - The first Scandia truck leaves the factory 1911 - Scania merges with Vabis. 1957 - Scania sets up a subsidiary in Brazil 1964 - The company chooses the Netherlands for its 1° assembly plant in the EC. 1969 - Saab merges with Scania-Vabis. 1984 - Saab-Scania launches a new generation of trucks. 1989 – Saab-Scania wins an award. 1992 – Saab-Scannia opens a factory in France.

13. Vocabulary: word formationFound • Place the correct form of the word: • The found…..(person) of this company is called Levi Strauss. • The company was found……. (verb) in 1873 • The company celebrated the 150° anniversary of its found …… (noun)

14. KEY - Vocabulary: word formationFound • Place the correct form of the word: • The founder(person) of this company was from USA. • The company was founded (verb) in 1873 • The company celebrated the 150° anniversary of its founding /foundation (noun)

15. Verb-noun collocationssee article: “ The Road to Success” Build Launch Merge Set up Begin Take over subsidiary the production of oil an assembly plant with other companies another company a new product

16. Verb-noun collocations (KEY) • Build an assembly plant • Launch a new product • Merge with other companies • Set up a subsidiary • Begin the production of oil • Take over another company

17. STARTING UP BUSINESS What are the ways for getting money to start up business? Ways for getting funding. • Provide funding/capital • Raise capital • Secure a loan

18. Provide funding/capital raise capital or secure a loan PLACE THE WORDS in the sentences: • If you obtain the money which you need to start your business, then you…………….for it. • If someone gives you the money for your business they……………… . • When someone lends you money, sometimes you have to promise to give them something, like your house, if you do not pay the money back. When you do this you………….. .

19. KEY 1. If you obtain the money which you need to start your business, then you raise capital for it. 2. If someone gives you the money for your business they provide funding or capital. 3. When someone lends you money, sometimes you have to promise to give them something, like your house, if you do not pay the money back. When you do this you secure a loan.

20. Time and Money – see article “KALIDO” This article underlines the importance of having a great idea, “of spotting the need for a new data management” in order to launch a new product… and the importance “of identifying a market to tap into.” Kalido is a company which provides software for data management

21. Why successful? Kalido concentrated on a real customer problem and developed software directly to meet that need.

22. Market research?A business plan?Market target (=mercato di riferimento) Having a great idea is not enough to start up a new business. You need to spend a great deal of time on market research and deciding who your customers will be. To identify your potential customers: Therefore to target your market.

23. Vocab extracted from article Kalido:Guess the meaning: match • A huge company • people in business who are prepared to invest money and take risks. • Person/people who set up business • Similar to client • (Azioni) • People who own shares (azionisti) • producer • Business person/people (=imprenditore) • Opposite of join or merge with • venture capitalists • Founder • Entrepreneurs • Giant • Customer • Share(s) • Shareholder(s) • Break its ties with • Provider

24. Vocab extracted from article:KEY (in order) • venture capitalists • Founder • Entrepreneurs • Giant • Customer • Share(s) • Shareholder(s) • Provider • Break its ties with • people in business who are prepared to invest money and take risks. • Person/people who set up business • Business person/people in general (=imprenditore) • A huge company • Similar to client • (Azioni) • People who own shares (azionisti) • (similar to) Producer • Opposite of join or merge with

25. TIME & MONEYSpend save invest waste Many verbs used to talk about money are also used to talk about time.

26. TIME & MONEYSpend save invest waste You need to ………a great deal of time on market research Doing this properly will ……. both time and money later. Yon need to believe in your product enough to be prepared to ……. time, effort and your own money in making it work. Don’t feel you have to ……..time and money on something of no benefit.

27. TIME & MONEYSpend save invest waste You need to spend a great deal of timeonmarket research Doing this properly will save both time and money later. Yon need to believe in your product enough to be prepared to invest time, effort and your own money in making it work. Don’t feel you have to waste time and money on something of no benefit.

28. Time & Money Many verbs used to talk about money are also used to talk about time. Spend money on Waste money on Save money on Invest money in

29. Money and water verbsmatch the translations • To flood = Inodare/allagare • To pour = Versare • To pump = pompare • To tap into (a market) = attingere (un mercato)

30. Money and water verbs To flood - To pour - To pump - To tap into • The company has ……………a lot of money into their South American venture. (=impresa rischiosa) • The market has been……………with products imported from the USA. • The advertising campaign was designed to ……………the new interest in healthy eating. • The new IT system has not helped us at all. It’s just been money……………down the drain.

31. Money and water verbs To flood - To pour - To pump - To tap into • The company has poured/pumped a lot of money into their South American venture. (=impresa rischiosa) • The market has been flooded with products imported from the USA. • The advertising campaign was designed to tap into this new (market) interest in healthy eating. • The new IT system has not helped us at all. It’s just been money poured down the drain.

32. Functions of Intermediaries Intermediaries make it possible for a company to deliver its products to the end user without needing to own the whole supply chain. KEY POINTS Distribution of goods takes place by means of channels, and the intermediaries are the independent groups or organization that make the product available for consumption. There are four main types of intermediary: Agents, wholesalers, distributors, retailors.

33. People in business (in general) • Agents/representative • Clients • Consumers • Customers • Discounters • Manufacturers • Retailers • Shoppers • Vendors • Wholesalers Which are … Buyers? Sellers? Offer goods at reduced prices? Sell directly to the public? Intermediaries?

34. People in business (in general) • Agents/representative: seller/intermediary • Clients: buyer • Consumers: buyer • Customers: buyer • Discounters: Offer goods at reduced prices/seller • Manufacturers: Intermediary • Retailers: Intermediary/seller/buyer • Shoppers: buyer • Vendors: seller • Wholesalers: buyer/seller/Intermediary / Offer goods at reduced prices – sell in bulk

35. Retailers: they buy and resell to customers. • Seller: Sales representatives (don’t have stock) also called: a sales rep. • Wholesalers: sell to retailers (not directlly to public) – to other businesses. • A dealer: makes deals (special agreements)

36. Agents/Brokers Agents or brokers are individuals or companies that act as an extension of the manufacturing company. Their main job is to represent the producer to the final user in selling a product. Thus, while they do not own the product directly, they take possession of the product in the distribution process. They make their profits through fees or commissions (payments).

37. Wholesalers Wholesalers do not work with small numbers of product: they buy in bulk, and store the products in their own warehouses and storage places until it is time to resell them. Wholesalers do not sell to the final user; they sell the products to other intermediaries such as retailers, for a higher price than they paid. (Thus, they do not operate on a commission system, as agents do).

38. Distributors Distributors function similarly to wholesalers in that they take ownership of the product, store it, and sell it off at a profit to retailors or other intermediaries. However, the key difference is that distributors ally themselves to complementary products. For example, distributors of Coca Col will not distribute Pepsi products, and vice versa. In this way they can maintain a closer relationship with their suppliers than their wholesalers do.

39. Retailers Retailers come in a variety of shapes and sizes: from the corner grocery store, to large chains like Wal-Mart and Target. Whatever their size, retailers purchase products from market intermediaries and sell them directly to the end user (public) for a profit.

40. The manufacturer of the productactuallymakesit, thesedays in China. Thereis a supplierwhosupplies the parts to the manufacturer. The finishedproductisshipped to the wholesaler,who in turn sells to the retailer, whosellsitdirectly to a member of the public.

41. Wholesalers and retailers both sell products but they differ in this way: A Wholesaler sells products in bigger or large amount or volume. They usually sells products to the retailer whereas a retailer sells the product to the final consumers who buy products in small quantity.

42. A supplier supplies a company with the resources/parts it needs to do its business. If your company makes books, you would have a supplier for your paper, inks, cover material etc... A distributor usually distributes finished products to its clients. A wholesaler sells bulk quantities of items to retailers. (to sell in bulk or sell bulk quantities)

43. Different departments in companies What do each deal with? 1 Research and development 2 Accounts 3 Administration 4 Human Resources (HR) 5 Sales and Marketing • Is concerned with studying new ideas and planning new projects. • Keeps a record of the money coming in and going out. C. Is involved with managing and organising the work of a company D. Deals with employees, keeps their records E. Deals with selling and promoting its products

44. Industry sectors: Match the industry sectors with names of businesses • Apple, Dell, IBM, Microsoft • Nokia, Sambung, Siemens • IKEA, TESCO, ZARA • Ryanair, Trenitalia, • BMW, General Motors • MPS, Barclays Bank • Novartis, • Healthcare • Financial • Transport • Retailing • IT (information Technology) • Electrical/Electronics • Engineering

45. KEY - Industry sectors: • Electrical/Electronics • IT (information Technology) • Retailing • Transport • Engineering • Financial • Healthcare • Apple, Dell, IBM, Microsoft • Nokia, Sambung, Siemens • IKEA, TESCO, ZARA • Ryanair, Trenitalia, • BMW, General Motors • MPS, Barclays Bank • Novartis,

46. Companies and Productivity Assembly - components – finished good – order –supplier • Manufacturers……………supplies electronically according to need. • ……………delivers parts to the manufacturer several times a day. • ……………are taken to the assembly-line at the moment they are needed. • ……………of parts to build the finished product. • Stocks of …………….wait for delivery to the customers.

47. Companies and Productivity Assembly - components – finished good – order –supplier • Manufacturers………order …supplies electronically according to need. • ……supplier………delivers parts to the manufacturer several times a day. • ………components ……are taken to the assembly-line at the moment they are needed. • ……Assembly ……of parts to build the finished product. • Stocks of finished good wait for delivery to the customers.

48. Companies and Productivity Word formation: Noun – Person - Verb Product - …………….. – …………….. …………….. - ---- to deliver Supply – …………….. - …………….. Manufacturing – …………….. – …………….. Noun – Adjective: Productivity – productive Efficientcy -- Efficient

49. Companies and Productivity Word formation: Noun – Person - Verb Product - Producer – to produce Delivery - ---- to deliver Supply – supplier - to supply Manufacturing – manufacturer – manufacture Noun – Adjective: Productivity – productive Efficientcy -- Efficient

50. Describing change in companies Add prefix to make words connected with change: Down - De - Up - Re - • Centralise • Organise • Train • Grade • Regulate • Size • Develop • Launch • Locate • structure