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GERMANY REVISION SESSION 3 What you need to know about…… Recovery under Stresemann 1923-1929

GERMANY REVISION SESSION 3 What you need to know about…… Recovery under Stresemann 1923-1929 What did Stresemann do to restore stability to Germany’s economy and relations with other countries? What were the connections between his actions/policies?

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GERMANY REVISION SESSION 3 What you need to know about…… Recovery under Stresemann 1923-1929

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  1. GERMANY REVISION SESSION 3 • What you need to know about…… • Recovery under Stresemann 1923-1929 • What did Stresemann do to restore stability to Germany’s economy and relations with other countries? • What were the connections between his actions/policies? • What were the effects of his policies, and how far was he successful in restoring stability?

  2. Can you make and explain connections between any of these policies? An example has been done for you. Dawes Plan 1924 Young Plan 1928 Locarno Treaties 1925 Once G had a stable currency, USA was willing to loan G money Kellogg -Briand Pact 1928 Germany joins the League of Nations 1926 The Rentenmark 1923

  3. Past exam questions on Stresemann • 6 mark ‘describe’ questions (Q 1b) • Describe the economic policies of Gustav Stresemann in the years 1924–29. • Describe the key features of Stresemann’s successes abroad in the years 1924-1928. • 8 mark ‘explain the effects of’ questions (Q1c) • Explain the effects of Stresemann’s economic policies in the years 1924–29. • Explain the effects of the Dawes Plan (1924) on Germany. • 8 mark ‘explain how’ questions (Q2) • Explain how Germany recovered from its economic and political difficulties in the years 1924–29 under Stresemann’s leadership. • 16 mark questions (Q3) • Was the introduction of a new currency the most important action taken by Stresemann in restoring stability to Germany in the years 1924–28? • Was agreeing to the Dawes Plan the most important action taken by Stresemann in bringing stability to Germany in the years 1924-29? • How successful was Stresemann in dealing with the problems faced by the Weimar Republic in the years 1924-9?

  4. How many points should you write about for these questions? CHOICE!

  5. A 16 mark question • Was the introduction of a new currency the most important action taken by Stresemann in restoring stability to Germany in the years 1924–28? • Use the following points or other relevant points….. • The introduction of a new currency • Taking Germany into the League of Nations • Signing Pacts with other European countries • Dealing with the occupation of the Ruhr • What ‘rules’ do you know for how to answer this type of question? • How long do you spend on it? • How many bullet points do you write about? • How do you ensure each paragraph gets maximum marks? • How do you do your conclusion?

  6. How 16 markers are marked Writing a conclusion is not essential to get above C grade, or even an A…

  7. STEP ONE: CHUCK & RANK! • Was the introduction of a new currency the most important action taken by Stresemann in restoring stability to Germany in the years 1924–28? • Which action helped the most to restore stability? Choose 3 (always include the first bullet point) and rank them in order of importance. • The introduction of a new currency • Taking Germany into the League of Nations • Signing Pacts with other European countries • Dealing with the occupation of the Ruhr

  8. STEP TWO: GO COMPARE! • 1. Start and finish your paragraphs so you are • Focusing on the issue in the Q (importance of each factor in restoring stability) • Comparing the importance of the 3 factors • 2. Make sure you include detailed knowledge to develop and support your points • Eg. Your paragraphs would look like this…… Signing pacts with other countries was the most important. For example…… (give one or two examples of pacts, who they were with, what they involved, and how they helped to restore stability). Therefore, signing pacts did the most to restore stability because these pacts strengthened ties between Germany and other countries. Other countries realised that Germany had peaceful intentions, and they began to trust Germany more. In para 1, explain your no. 1 factor In para 2, explain your no. 2 factor, making sure you say why it’s less important than no. 1 Joining the League of Nations was not as important. Without the trust created by the Locarno Treaties, Germany may not have gained access to the LON. However, it was still important….. (explain what joining meant for Germany) Therefore, joining the LON restored Germany’s international status as a great power and led to more pacts, such as the Young Plan in 1928, but it may not have happened without earlier pacts like the Locarno Treaties.

  9. Signing pacts with other countries was the most important. For example…… (give one or two examples of pacts, who they were with, what they involved, and how they helped to restore stability). Therefore, signing pacts did the most to restore stability because these pacts strengthened ties between Germany and other countries. Other countries realised that Germany had peaceful intentions, and they began to trust Germany more. In para 1, explain your no. 1 factor In para 2, explain your no. 2 factor, making sure you say why it’s less important than no. 1 Joining the League of Nations was not as important. Without the trust created by the Locarno Treaties, Germany may not have gained access to the LON. However, it was still important….. (explain what joining meant for Germany) Therefore, joining the LON restored Germany’s international status as a great power and led to more pacts, such as the Young Plan in 1928, and increased trade with other countries. However, it may not have happened without earlier pacts like the Locarno Treaties. Introducing a new currency in 1923 was also not as important. The new currency on its own would not have been enough to restore economic stability after hyperinflation. The new currency was called....(explain about the new currency, why it was needed in 1923, and how it restored confidence in the value of money). Therefore, while the new currency was a good starting point, it did nothing to bring back all the savings people had lost in 1923, and without the Dawes Plan, trade and foreign investment brought about first by pacts, and later by Germany joining the LON, the new currency may not have remained stable. In para 3, explain your no. 3 factor, making sure you say why it’s less important than no. 1 and no 2.

  10. Advantages of using CHUCK, RANK, GO COMPARE! • Can reach up to an A grade without a conclusion • If you only have time to do two paragraphs, could reach a B grade with no conclusion • If you still have time left after 3 paragraphs, you could attempt to go for an A* by writing a conclusion which explains how the 3 factors worked together to restore stability • If you attempt the A* conclusion and don’t quite get there, you’ll fall back to an A grade, because you’ll still have the comparisons there. This is better than falling back to a C grade (if, for example, you’d gone for the traditional approach of 3 non-comparative paragraphs and a conclusion which links them all). • Be aware….. • On the 16 marker (Q3) and the ‘explain how’ 8 marker (Q2) you will be marked on your spelling, punctuation and grammar. Up to 7 marks are available overall. • You are not marked on your spelling, punctuation and grammar on any other questions.

  11. Explain how Germany recovered from its economic and political difficulties in the years 1924–29 under Stresemann’s leadership. (8 marks) Focus on how Germany recovered, not just on what Stresemann did To get B or above on explain howqs, try to give an overview/the big picture at the end of each paragraph With all 8 markers, aim for 2 points if you can

  12. Explain how Germany recovered from its economic and political difficulties in the years 1924–29 under Stresemann’s leadership. (8 marks) • One way in which Stresemann helped Germany to recover from its economic problems was by stabilising the currency, and therefore the economy. He introduced the Rentenmark, later called the Reichsmark, which had a stable value, unlike the previous currency which had lost all value under hyperinflation. Germans and foreign investors regained confidence in the currency, leading to the Dawes Plan, where American bankers gave Germany a massive loan. This led to recovery because the loan was injected into German industry, creating jobs and increasing the production of goods and, therefore, foreign trade. • Stresemann also boosted trade by making treaties and pacts with other countries. This is a way in which Stresemann helped Germany recover from its political problems. For example, the Locarno Treaties convinced France that Germany didn’t want to invade them, and respected their borders. This convinced other countries that Germany was peaceful, and so Germany was let into the League of Nations in 1926. This led to recovery because they were trusted more and were no longer an outsider, so the USA and France were more willing to reduce reparations, leading to the Young Plan in 1928. A* answer!

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