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Warmup

Warmup. Read the introduction to the Sahara Chapter: Pages 299-300 in Geography Alive. North Africa. Regions of Africa. We will break Africa down into Five Regions: North, East, West, central and South. North Africa.

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Warmup

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  1. Warmup • Read the introduction to the Sahara Chapter: Pages 299-300 in Geography Alive

  2. North Africa

  3. Regions of Africa We will break Africa down into Five Regions: North, East, West, central and South.

  4. North Africa • North Africa consists of the following countries: Algeria, Libya, Egypt, Morocco, Sudan, South Sudan, Tunisia and Western Sahara. • These countries share many cultural and geographical similarities.

  5. The three countries we’ll focus on: • Algeria: • Libya: • Egypt: • We’ll focus on these partially because of the uprisings going on there now

  6. Algeria Physical Geography • Largest country in all of Africa… about 3 ½ times the size of Texas. • Terrain: Atlas Mountains in the North, Sahara Desert everywhere else. Climate: Mediterranean Climate (hot, dry summers, mild, rainy winters. Algeria is home to the Ergs

  7. ERGS Huge shifting sand dunes that make living there near impossible…

  8. Algeria Political Geography • 99% of Algerians are Muslim • 90% live within a hundred miles or so of the Mediterranean Sea. Those who do not live near the coast live in and around oases in the Sahara. • ¼ of Algerians are 14 and under. • Widespread poverty is leading to heavy emigration./

  9. Libya Physical /Geography • Libya is about 1/5 the size of the U.S. • Terrain: 90% of Libya is desert • Hottest temperature ever recorded on Earth was in Libya (136 degrees). • Climate: Libya is one of the driest places on Earth. Libya has NO permanent rivers.

  10. Libya Political Geography • Libya is wealthiest country in North Africa. • How could this be when 90% of the land is desert? • Libya produces about 1 million barrels of oil a day. • ¾ of Libya’s food has to be imported because of lack of farmland.

  11. Libya Political Geography continued • 86% live near the Mediterranean Sea. • 97% of Libyans are Muslim. • 50% of Libyans are under 15!!

  12. Egypt Physical Geography • The Nile river (world’s longest) flows through Egypt. • Egypt controls Suez Canal, a manmade passage between Mediterranean Sea and Red Sea. • 90% + of Egypt’s population lives within a few miles of the Nile, which provides Egypt’s only arable land.

  13. Egypt Political Geography • 55% of Egyptians live in rural areas. • Fellaheen are subsistence farmers. • 94% Muslim population. • Agriculture and Oil exports are largest parts of economy.

  14. Tomorrow: North Africa in the news right now!!

  15. Desert Environment • What are the physical characteristics of the desert? • Ergs, regs and hammadas • Only two rivers flow, the Nile and Niger • Temperatures vary greatly between day and night • Rain is unpredictable • Adaptations to Life in the Desert • How have people adapted to living in the desert? • 1/3 are pastoral nomads • Tuareg wear loose clothing to protect from sun • Camels for transportation • Drilling machines have created new oases

  16. Oasis Environment • What are the physical characteristics? • Tiny, fresh-water islands in the desert • Some are natural • Others are made when humans dig • Date palms are most common plant • Adaptations to life in the oasis • How have people adapted? • Farmers grow cash crops like dates and vegetables • Nomads trade products for food and water • Windbreaks protect fields from desert • As oasis expands people must walk distances

  17. Sahel • What are the physical characteristics? • Marginal farm land • Grassland, acacia trees, baobab trees, bushes • Drought is fact of life • Desertification • Adaptations • Millet, sorghum crops • Shifting agriculture • Herders wander • Coal for fuel instead of wood

  18. Peter Pan’s Lost Boys

  19. Dinka in Sudan

  20. Exit Slip • After watching the video, summarize on your own sheet of paper what happened to the Lost Boys by including the following: • What push factors caused the Lost Boys to leave Sudan • How the war changed the daily life of the Sudanese in Sudan and in the camps • What new things the boys experienced as the traveled from Kenya to the United States • How would you compare the Sudan Civil War to our own civil war? • SS-06-4.3.2 - Students will explain why and give examples of how human populations may change and/or migrate because of factors such as war, famine, disease, economic opportunity and technology in the present day. DOK 3

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