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Tips and Tricks for Writing Effective Paragraphs. Special Thanks to Jane Schffer. Know your vocabulary . Thesis (T) Topic Sentence (TS) Concrete Detail (CD) Commentary (CM) Concluding Sentence(CS). Thesis . Subject Opinion Last sentence in Introductory ¶ All One Sentence
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Tips and Tricks for Writing Effective Paragraphs Special Thanks to Jane Schffer
Know your vocabulary • Thesis (T) • Topic Sentence (TS) • Concrete Detail (CD) • Commentary (CM) • Concluding Sentence(CS)
Thesis • Subject • Opinion • Last sentence in Introductory ¶ • All One Sentence • Tells what the whole essay will be about
TS CD CM CM CD CM CM CS Topic Sentence • Subject • Opinion • 1st sentence in body ¶ • Tells what whole ¶ will be about • Mini-thesis for a body ¶
Concrete Details • Information directly from text • Facts • Quotes • Paraphrase • Specifics • Examples • Evidence • Plot references • Proof That’s the Fact Jack
Concrete Details • CD’s are so specific that you can say which page it occurred on. • Always write down (cite) which page it came from. • You cannot disagree with a CD. It either happened or it did not happen.
Commentary • Opinion • Insight • Analysis • Interpretation • Personal Response • Feelings • Evaluation • Explication • Reflection
Commentary • A person can agree or disagree with it and not be wrong. • Gives original information about a fact. • Tells the reader something they may not have already figured out.
Commentary Tricks • “This shows that…” Remove from final draft • “No-No” words:I, we, my, you, our, would, could, should, maybe, probably, may, might, needs to • Do not give advice
Commentary Tricks 4. Use Strong verbs: The Character:
Commentary Tricks • Ask the right questions to get good commentary: • What does the CD mean? • Why is the CD important? • What does the CD reveal about the character’s feelings, motivation, etc.? • What does the CD imply? • How does the CD make the reader feel?
Common CM Mistakes • Commentary is generic • X He is mean. • ☺ He is angry to be in this situation. • Commentary drifts -or- apple in a cherry tree • X C3P0 tries to help R2D2. • ☺ Chewy trusts Han Solo. • Commentary is really CD • X Chewy is 7 feet tall. • ☺ Chewy is bigger than life.
Common CM Mistakes • CM contradicts the TS: Chewy is scary. • X CM: Leia never thought he would hurt her. • ☺CM: At first Leia feared him. • CM repeats: • X They are in danger. • They are not safe. • ☺ Chewy protects Leia. He feels responsible for her.