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Oral Infections

Oral Infections. Acute pseudo- membranous candidosis. Herpes simplex. Dr Ian Douglas University of Sheffield. Acute erythematous candidosis. Actinomycosis. Acquisition of oral flora. At birth oral cavity is sterile Most species acquired during the first 2 years of life

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Oral Infections

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  1. Oral Infections Acute pseudo- membranous candidosis Herpes simplex Dr Ian Douglas University of Sheffield Acute erythematous candidosis Actinomycosis

  2. Acquisition of oral flora • At birth oral cavity is sterile • Most species acquired during the first 2 years of life • Flora mainly acquired from mother • its all in a kiss!

  3. Acquisition of mutans streptococci

  4. Plaque -in vivo biofilm

  5. Dental caries

  6. Stephan Curve pH in plaque pulses Hours

  7. Prevalence of some bacteria in caries

  8. Mechanical removal of plaque? Toothbrush bristle

  9. Topical passive immunisation • Anti S.mutans s-IgA cloned into tobacco • 3 week application eliminated oral S.mutans

  10. Replacement Therapy -Superbugs bacteriocin • Potent bacteriocin • producer • Stable LDH-deficient • mutant • Produces ethanol & • other acids S bacteriocin • Imported adh gene bacteriocin

  11. Destructive Periodontitis

  12. Disease Progression

  13. Association of organisms with disease A.odontolyticus V.parvula Pr.intermedia At.actinomycetemcomitans Pr.nigrescens F.nucleatum Pt.micros C.rectus Disease Health S.mitis S.oralis S.sanguis P.gingivalis Ta.forsythus T.denticola

  14. Periodontal species detected by 16srRNA • Estimate 415 species • ~40% were novel phylotypes • Detected in at least four diseased subjects, but not in healthy subjects Paster B J Bact 2001; 183; 3770-3783

  15. Periapical disease

  16. Bacteria associated with endodontic treatment failure

  17. Spread of infection from the tooth

  18. Examples of oral abscesses

  19. Bacterial genera in periapical abscesses *most frequently recovered

  20. Antibiotic sensitivity among oral anaerobes Kuriyama et al 2001

  21. ß-lacatmase in Prevotella isolates

  22. Summary • Oral infections are polymicrobial • Generally caused by endogenous commensal species • There is relatively little microbial specificity for the different types of lesion (except dental caries?) • Some oral infections pose treatment problems due to antimicrobial resistance

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