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Road Safety – a Complex Field

Road Safety – a Complex Field . Describe road safety as a complex, multidisciplinary, multimodal field devoted to the prevention and/or mitigation of crashes, injuries, and fatalities. Major Topics. The Complex Nature of Road Safety Safety Disciplines 4 Es of Road Safety Road Safety Modes

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Road Safety – a Complex Field

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  1. Road Safety – a Complex Field Describe road safety as a complex, multidisciplinary, multimodal field devoted to the prevention and/or mitigation of crashes, injuries, and fatalities.

  2. Major Topics • The Complex Nature of Road Safety • Safety Disciplines • 4 Es of Road Safety • Road Safety Modes • Crash Prevention Paradigm Shift

  3. Safety Disciplines • Backgrounds • Education • Perspectives • Multimodal

  4. Safety Silos • Institutional Levels • Federal • State • Local • Modes • Passenger vehicles • Trucks • Transit • Pedestrians/bicyclists

  5. The 4 Es of Road Safety • Engineering • Education • Enforcement • Emergency Response

  6. Engineering • Design • Construction • Operations • Maintenance • Vehicle

  7. Education • Behavior Change • Rules of the Road • Risk Awareness • Amplify Enforcement and Engineering Activities

  8. Enforcement • Police • Prosecutors • Judges • Probation

  9. Emergency Response • Incident Response • Emergency Medical Services • Fire and Rescue • Hazardous Materials Removal

  10. Public Health • Roadway-related crashes are the leading cause of unintentional injuries and the sixth leading cause of death in the U.S. • In 2004, road safety was the theme of the annual World Health Day celebration.

  11. Human Factors & Biomechanics • Capabilities and Limitations of the Human Body • Strength • Reaction time • Visual acuity • Physical durability • Effects of Exceeding Human Limitations

  12. Public/Private Administrators • Driver Licensing • Vehicle Registration • Analyze Insurance Claims • Set Rates for Vehicle and Health Insurance • Develop and Enforce Policies, Procedures, and Regulations

  13. Transportation Planners

  14. Road Safety Modes • Passenger Cars • Commercial Vehicles • Motorcycles • Pedestrians and Cyclists • Transit

  15. Vehicle Considerations • Passenger Vehicles • Largest number of crashes by far • Size • Performance characteristics • Mode Connectivity • Vehicle Characteristics • Crash types • Fleet diversity • Height and weight

  16. Other Motorized Vehicles • Commercial Vehicles • Interaction with other vehicles • Roadway considerations • Motorcycles • Transit and Rail

  17. Comparison of Vehicle Type Involved in Crashes

  18. Non-Motorized Transport • Pedestrians • Bicyclists • Roadway Facilities

  19. Paradigm Shift

  20. Multidisciplinary Approaches • Young Drivers • Zero tolerance • Graduated driver licensing • Safety Corridors

  21. Fatal Crash Involvement by Driver Age

  22. State Licensing Law & Driver Fatal Crash Involvement

  23. Life-Saving Interventions – GDL • STRONGEST GDL – reduction of 38% for fatal crashes and 40% for injury crashes among16-year-old drivers. • WEAKEST GDL – reduction of 11% for fatal crashes and 19% for injury crashes. Source: Baker et al., 2007

  24. Rating of GDL Laws in the United States Legend      = Good      = Fair      = Marginal      = Poor Source: http://www.iihs.org/laws/gdl_intermediate.aspx

  25. Safety Corridor Programs • Legislation • Data Analysis • Signage • Enforcement • Public Education

  26. Safety Corridors in New Mexico

  27. Review • The Complex Nature of Road Safety • Safety Disciplines • 4 Es of Road Safety • Road Safety Modes • Crash Prevention Paradigm Shift

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