Shuaib Lwasa Department of Environmental Management Makerere University

1. Shuaib Lwasa Department of Environmental Management Makerere University Email: shuaiblwasa@gmail.com Kampala Workshop, 24-25th July 2012 Environmental mainstreaming in urban management in UgandaA Background Paper for Leadership and Learning Group UNEP / Cities Alliance / IIED Mainstreaming environmental concerns into City Development Strategies

2. Outline • Environment and Development in Uganda • Context of mainstreaming • CDS cases • Approaches • Institutional Readiness

3. RURAL 53% URBAN 47% UN-Habitat 2002 Is Urban Livabilitypossiblein viewofchangingenvironment?

4. Environment and Development in Uganda • Managing the environment in Uganda for sustainable development • focus largely remains protection and or sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, air quality and wild life • Urbanization poses challenges • Urban environmental degeneration continues • Inequality, poverty • The linkage between poverty and natural resource use or degradation • Urban environmental conditions remain deplorable in many neighborhoods especially the urban poor

5. Context of environmental management in Uganda • Environment-development debate in Uganda has continued for long • 1980’s vibrant CSO community emerged • Focus remained largely on air, water, forest conservation • Several conventions, laws and institutionalization

6. City Development Strategies in Uganda • Kampala • CDS for Kampala with a time horizon of five years between 2004 and 2009 • goal number 3 in the strategy is “Improving the environmental living conditions” • District (in this case City) Environment Action Plan (DEAP) • A series of projects • Jinja • CDS 2007 – 2012 revitalizing industrial economy, equitable access to services • CDS focuses on Local Economic Development • A participatory approach with a LED committee

7. Implementation strategies • Institutional set up, NEMA, District Environmental officers • Project-based implementation; KIEMP, CDM, KUSP • Program-based mainstreaming; TSUPU, Slum Upgrading, Housing Policy??, LGDP-LGMSDP

8. Institutional setup • Mainstreaming challenge • A common approach! • Long-range planning and mainstreaming!!!! Report Stored On shelf Policy & Solution Next Crisis Forgetting Assessment or Pseudo? Crisis Management Action as a Fix

9. Approaches to mainstreaming Environmental issues • Levers for Uganda • NDP • Municipal Development Plans • DEAP or Municipal Environment Action Plans • Framework on which projects need to relate, CDS/MDS?

10. Strategic environmental mainstreaming; opportunities • There are lessons in regard to existing tools and knowledge-project specific • The broader institutional issues specifically the Legal enabled-legal-disabled continuum creates a lock-in • Processes • Urban environment-definition, beyond water, air, soils and fauna • Planning with nature • Poor settlements, does EM ‘improve urban life’? • What about ‘ urban livelihoods’? • NUF, MUF, LUKA

11. Indicative tools • In general, tools are a set of guides, steps and practical means that enable different stakeholders in reaching a desired goal of improving understanding and management of the urban environment. • Policy tools • NDP, DEAP • 3 Year development Plans • Legislative tools • NEA • Municipal Environmental regulations

12. Indicative tools • Programs and Projects • Knowledge management and engagement tools • EPM

13. Institutional readiness • Are municipalities for mainstreaming urban environmental? • Institutional adaptation; from ‘projectization’ to programs • Resource allocation • Capacity Development?/Capacity Building • Home-grown CDS or internally driven processes of mainstreaming • Experiential learning

14. Thank you!