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Chapter 7

Chapter 7 . India and China Establish Empire. Vocabulary. Mauryan Empire : Empire that united India after Alexander the Great Askoa : Indian ruler who changed religion to Buddhism due to violence (100,000 Kalinga ) Tamil Region: Southern Tip of India

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Chapter 7

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  1. Chapter 7 India and China Establish Empire

  2. Vocabulary • Mauryan Empire: Empire that united India after Alexander the Great • Askoa: Indian ruler who changed religion to Buddhism due to violence (100,000 Kalinga) • Tamil Region:Southern Tip of India • Gupta Empire: 2nd major empire in India (northern) • Patriarchal/Matriarchal: Family lead by eldest male/eldest female • Silk Roads: Trade routs from China-West (Silk) • Civil Service: Government jobs obtained by taking examinations • Han Dynasty: Ruled China for 400 years (After Qin) • Assimilation: The process of making conquered people part of the “native” culture

  3. First Empire of India • Chandragupta MauryaBuilds an Empire • Chandragupta unifies North India • Defeated Selecus to gain control of all northern India • Running the Empire • Formed a bureaucracy to rule over various parts of the empire

  4. Asoka Promotes Buddhism Took over for his father in 301 B.C. Waged a long war to expand his kingdom to the south, over 200,000 killed Turned to nonviolent Buddhism to atone for slaughter Improved system of roads Kingdom broke apart after Asoka died

  5. The Gupta Empire • Chandra Gupta Builds an Empire • Formed a second Empire 500 years after the fall of the Mauryan Empire • Daily Life in India • Most people lived in small villages • Families were patriarchal, or head by the eldest male • Most people, farmed, water was always a concern (Monsoons)

  6. Height of the Gupta Empire • Chandra Gupta II rules for 40 years • Scholars achieved many advances in math, science, and the arts • Silk Road: Trade routes brought new ideas to India and spread Indian advancements to other regions • Cultural Diffusion Occurs • Kingdom broke up by nomadic invaders in 535 A.D.

  7. Change in India: Religion • Buddhism and Hinduism loose followers • New Buddhism • Mahayana: New reformed teachings of Buddha • Theravada: Original teachings of Buddha • New Hinduism • One divine force and Gods represent parts of the force • Brahma: Creator • Vishnu: Preserver • Shiva: Destroyer

  8. Han Emperors In ChinaChapter 7:3

  9. Han Emperors in China • The Han Dynasty Restores Unity of China • The Founding of the Han Dynasty 202 BC • Liu Bang defeats all opponents in civil war fall of Qin Dynasty • Established a Centralized Government, where one government controls empire • Lowered taxes, ended legalist rule • Future emperors expanded border almost to present day location

  10. A Highly Structured Government • Structures of Han Government • Formed a complicated bureaucracy • Confucianism, the Road to Success • Hopeful civil service workers would be hired based on their knowledge of Confucianism • Only wealthy sons could afford the necessary education

  11. Han Technology, Commerce and Culture • Technology revolutionizes Chinese Life • Paper invented 105 AD • Improved agricultural tools • wheelbarrow • plow • grain mill • Agriculture Versus Commerce • Agriculture considered most important occupation • Government established monopolies, (total control over industry) • Silk was the most important industry • Wanted in the West

  12. Unifying Chinese Culture • Chinese encouraged assimilation, bringing conquered people into Chinese culture • Trained scholars and foreigners in Confucianism • Women encouraged to stay at home and be obedient

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