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Deutero-Pauline Letters

Deutero-Pauline Letters. 2 Thessalonians. Reasons why written by Paul – Resembles other letters in format Letter claims to be written by Paul Reasons why not written by Paul – Ending indicates a scribe wrote letter and that Paul actually signed--not in all of Paul’s letters

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Deutero-Pauline Letters

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  1. Deutero-Pauline Letters

  2. 2 Thessalonians • Reasons why written by Paul – • Resembles other letters in format • Letter claims to be written by Paul • Reasons why not written by Paul – • Ending indicates a scribe wrote letter and that Paul actually signed--not in all of Paul’s letters • Mention of “antichrist” is not found in any other letters • Lacks personal greetings at end • 1 Thess. answer to those dying before parousia is different that 2 Thess. • Mentions forgery in 2:2 & 3:17 which is not found in other letters • 2 Thess. appears to have copied whole phrases from 1 Thess. – not done in any other letter

  3. 2 Thess. (Continued) • Main Ideas – • Conduct of people who rejected Paul’s teachings about working and living quietly • Refuting those who say the day of the Lord has already come in 2:1-12 (points to why non-Pauline)

  4. Colossians • Reasons why written by Paul – • Same format as other Pauline letters • Many of same themes, e.g., importance of suffering, Jesus’ death as reconciliation, etc. • The differences in ideas may simply be a natural shift in thinking • Reasons why not written by Paul – • There are shifts in Paul’s thinking about: • Forgiveness of sins (1:14, 2:13, 3:13) rather than freedom from sin • We have already risen with Christ (2:12-13, 3:1) rather than that we have died and will rise with Christ • Christ is head of the body of church (1:18) is a metaphor not used elsewhere • Syntax is different – long sentences instead of short ones • Talks about relations between family members (household code), but in actual letters these relations are largely irrelevant

  5. Colossians (Continued) • Main ideas – • Controversies that had developed in Gentile congregation • Legal restrictions and elemental spirits in 2:8-23 (cf. Galatians) • Family relationships/Household Code 3:18-4:1

  6. Ephesians • Why written by Paul – • Themes are similar to Paul’s writings • Claims to be written by Paul • Why not written by Paul – • Syntax and vocabulary are quite different • Lacks personal references • Written to a large group – a universal church • Earliest and best manuscripts lack “to Ephesians”

  7. Ephesians (Continued) • Main Ideas – • Jews and Gentiles are unified with one another and with God 2:11-22 • Concern with family relationships (household codes) • Issue of ”submission”—Ephesians 5:21-6:9

  8. 1 Timothy (Pastoral Epistle) • Why written by Paul – • Began with address in his style • Addressed to Timothy, a co-worker • Familiar with the church Timothy was in • Why not written by Paul – • Treats key concepts like faith, law and righteousness very differently • More emphasis on teaching good works and church order • Dating would be after he was released from prison in Rome, but was he? • Style and vocabulary very different • Church structure seems more developed

  9. 1 Timothy (Continued) • Main Ideas – • Concern about Gnostic teachers • Instructions on Christian living and church order • Issue of women’s roles in 2:9-15 (is this Pauline?) • Hermeneutical Question for contemporary world: when we have divergent views in scripture, how do we judge which is authoritative?

  10. 2 Timothy 3:16 • Translation and Interpretation • American Standard Version: Every scripture inspired of God is also profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, for instruction which is in righteousness. That the man of God may be complete, furnished completely unto every good work. • NRSV: All scripture is inspired by God and is useful for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in righteousness, so that everyone who belongs to God may be proficient, equipped for every good work. • What would this passage mean in the first century?

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