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Early Christian Culture

Early Christian Culture. Christianity and the Arts. Music Associated with paganism so banned from Christian worship Vocal music Gregorian chants Plainchant (plainsong) Monophonic until the 12th century. Theater Actors could not be baptized

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Early Christian Culture

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  1. Early Christian Culture

  2. Christianity and the Arts Music • Associated with paganism so banned from Christian worship • Vocal music • Gregorian chants • Plainchant (plainsong) • Monophonic until the 12th century Theater • Actors could not be baptized • Theater virtually disappeared until the 10th century

  3. Gregorian Chant “Alleluya, vidimus stellam” What to listen for: • Monophonic texture • No instruments • Wavelike tones • Narrow range • Responsorial (solo followed by chorus)

  4. O successores fortissimi leonis inter templum et altare— dominantes in ministratione eius—  sicut angeli sonant in laudibus, et sicut adsunt populis in adiutorio, vos estis inter illos, qui haec faciunt, sempter curam habentes in officio agni. You successors of the mightiest lion   between the temple and the altar you the masters in his household as the angles sound forth praises and are here to help the nations, you are among those who accomplish this,  forever showing your care in the service of the lamb. “O Successores”Hildegard of Bingen (1098-1179)

  5. Early Christian Art

  6. Painted Ceiling, 4th C. AD. Catacombs of SS. Pietra • Early Christian art found mostly in catacombs • Similar to Roman painting, but more symbolic • Circles suggest the dome of heaven • Old & New Testament imagery

  7. Catacombs

  8. Sculpture took a secondary role during early Christian art Sarcophagus of Julius Bassus, 359 CE

  9. Old St. Peter’s, Begun 333 CE • Roman Basilicas served as a model for new Churches

  10. Large, uninterrupted interior • Imperial feel that linked Christianity with its new role as state religion

  11. San Vitale of Ravenna, Italy • Byzantine in design • Mosaic representations of Bible stories • Christ depicted as royalty • Second story gallery for female worshippers • Mosaics of Justinian and Theodora • Combines Royal power and Church power

  12. San Vitale

  13. Justinian with Bishop Maximian, clergy, courtiers, and soldiers.

  14. Theodora with courtiers

  15. Christ as the Good Shepherd Mosaic, Ravenna.

  16. Illuminated Manuscripts • Prototypes of mosaics were illustrated manuscripts • Duplication of holy text on a vast scale Vienna Genesis, 6th C, CE

  17. Illuminated Manuscritps • Written in silver (now turned black) on purple vellum • Brilliantly colored illustrations Vienna Genesis, 6th C. CE

  18. The Ascension, folio 13v, Rabbula Gospels, 586. Scenes from the Book of Kings, folio 1 r, Quedlinburg Italia, c. 425-50.

  19. Aberdeen Bestiary Aberdeen Bestiary. (Left – Jesus; Right – Phoenix rising).

  20. Hagia Sophia • Architects: Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Miletus • Built in 6 years. • Domed basilica – rectangular hall with a dome in the center • Pendentive construction. • Dome: 180 feet in height

  21. Hagia Sophia

  22. Christ 6th century Painted wooden panel St Catherine's Monastery, Sinai

  23. Image of Madonna and Child

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