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Social Welfare and Prohibition

Social Welfare and Prohibition. Chris Perez, Alex Polidoro, Peter McFarren. Key Players. Theodore Roosevelt Woodrow Wilson Florence Kelly Frances Willard. Woodrow Wilson and Theodore Roosevelt . Roosevelt was the 26th President of the United States Born October 27th, 1858

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Social Welfare and Prohibition

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  1. Social Welfare and Prohibition Chris Perez, Alex Polidoro, Peter McFarren

  2. Key Players • Theodore Roosevelt • Woodrow Wilson • Florence Kelly • Frances Willard

  3. Woodrow Wilson and Theodore Roosevelt • Roosevelt was the 26th President of the United States • Born October 27th, 1858 • He was president from 1901-1909 • Fought for better working conditions/ worker’s rights • Wilson was the 28th president of the United States • Born December 28th 1856 • Tried to keep America out of WWI and founded League of Nations • Was opposed to 18th Amendment and Volstead Act. • Congress overrode Wilson’s veto

  4. Florence Kelly • In 1891 Florence joins Jane Addams, Julia Lathrop, Ellen Gates Starr, and other women at the Hull House • Her job was to observe the area and its working conditions • She took notice to the very young children working in the tenement sweatshops. • She conducted a survey that was presented to the state • As a result the Illinois State Legislature created the 1st factory law prohibiting employment of children under the age of 14 • Appointed as first woman chief factory inspector

  5. Frances Willard • Born September 28,1839 • Woman Suffragist • President of Woman’s Christian Temperance Union • Rallied support for Temperance and many other social reforms • She was also involved in: -Work relief for the poor -Anti-rape laws -Federal aid to education

  6. Key Groups and Events • YMCA • Social Gospel and Settlement House • Salvation Army • WCTU • Anti-Saloon League • The 18th Amendment

  7. YMCA • AKA Young Men’s Christian Association • Founded on June 6th, 1844 by George Williams • Established to provide safe housing in a Christian environment for young men • BY 1851, there were YMCA’s in the United Kingdom, Australia, Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland, and the United States

  8. Social Gospel • Religious social reform movement • Focused on applying moral principles to the improvement and industrialized society • Including Abolition of: • Child Labor • A shorter workweek • Factory regulation

  9. Settlement House • In 1886 Stanton Coit founded America’s first Settlement House • Provides services and activities designed to identify and reinforce the strengths of individuals, families, and communities • The houses may include: • Job training • Employment programs • Early childhood education • Youth and art programs • Literacy education

  10. Salvation Army • In 1985 William Booth and his wife Catherine Booth saw how the Church was looking down upon the poor people and street people • Decided to create the Salvation Army to tend to the poor and street peoples needs • Provides shelters to the homeless, disaster relief, and clothes drives

  11. WCTU • AKA Women’s Christian Temperance Union • Founded in Cleveland, Ohio in November of 1874 • Movement to ban alcohol • In 3 months had driven liquor out of 250 communities • Annie Wittenmyer was President from 1874-1879 • 1879 Frances Willard becomes President of organization

  12. Anti-Saloon League • Formed in Oberlin, Ohio on May 24th, 1893 • Ohio Anti-Saloon League • Became Anti-Saloon League on December 18th, 1895 in Washington D.C. • Primary goal was to unify and focus on anti-alcohol sentiments effectively • Secondary goal was to increase anti-alcohol sentiment • Purley Bake was the superintendent (For Ohio) • William H. Anderson was the superintendent (For New York)

  13. The 18th Amendment • Ratified in January 16th, 1919 • Repealed in 1933 by 21st Amendment • Volstead Act - Banned manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcohol • Gave government means of enforcing 18th Amendment

  14. Viewpoints on Prohibition • Prohibition only drives drunkenness behind doors and into dark places, and does not cure it, or even diminish it. Mark Twain:Letter from New York to the Alta Californian, May 28, 1867. http://home.earthlink.net/~ynot/Prohibit.html

  15. Reasons for Prohibition • The Prohibition movement gained momentum because alcohol was made the scapegoat for problems in America • Problems included unemployment, absence in the workplace and violence in the home

  16. Why Prohibition Failed • Prohibition failed due to the vast expense of enforcing it as well as an increase in organized crime whose purpose was to distribute alcohol illegally • Cops also took bribes from underground saloons in order to stay out of their business which defeated the purpose of trying to enforce Prohibition

  17. Reasons for Social Welfare • Social Welfare came about as the result of poor working conditions and poor wages • Workers were given no benefits and often had to work long hours to support their families • Children were sent to work dangerous jobs to help support the family

  18. Why Social Welfare Succeeded • Social Welfare was clearly successful as we established a minimum age that children can work at as well as minimum wage and working condition standards

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