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Are veterans more or less likely to have a higher level of education than non-veterans?

Are veterans more or less likely to have a higher level of education than non-veterans?. We might assume so due to the GI bill, but my project is designed to see if this is true. Literature Review.

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Are veterans more or less likely to have a higher level of education than non-veterans?

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  1. Are veterans more or less likely to have a higher level of education than non-veterans? We might assume so due to the GI bill, but my project is designed to see if this is true.

  2. Literature Review • Olson: Research showed that the G.I. Bill was a great success as Time magazine praised it as “the most ambitious educational experiment in the nation’s history” in response to how veterans had “astonished their educators with the quality of their academic work and general decorum as students.” • Atkinson: Experiment at UCLA involved comparing the grades of 1,500 veterans and 1,500 non-veterans (undergrad and randomly selected). Results showed that veteran performance was substantially higher in all groups and all semesters. • Xie: Statistics reveal that on average veterans are better educated and tend to earn more than nonveterans. He explains that military service adds additional human capital to veterans. • Bound & Turner: WWII veterans were 20% more likely to finish high school than nonveterans. The combination of military service and veteran benefits has sizable effects on educational attainment. • Teachman: Data shows there is a considerable difference between educational attainment and variables such as branch of service, length of service, and age at entry into service.

  3. Works Cited • Teachman, J. Military Service and Educational Attainment in the All-Volunteer Era. Sociology of Education , Vol. 80, No. 4 (Oct., 2007), pp. 359-374 • Bound, John, and Sarah E. Turner. Going to war and going to college: Did World War II and the GI Bill increase educational attainment for returning veterans?. No. w7452. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1999. • Keith W. Olson. The G. I. Bill and Higher Education: Success and Surprise.. American Quarterly , Vol. 25, No. 5 (Dec., 1973), pp. 596-610 • Byron H. Atkinson. Veteran vs. Non-Veteran Performance at U.C.L.A.: The G. I. Bill as an Academic Experiment.. The Journal of Educational Research , Vol. 43, No. 4 (Dec., 1949), pp. 299-302 • Yu, X. I. E. "The socioeconomic status of young male veterans, 1964-1984." Social Science Quarterly 73.2 (1992).

  4. Data Sources Used American Fact finder, U.S Department of Commerce. United States Census Bureau. http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_12_1YR_B21003&prodType=table

  5. Data Analysis • 1) Download data from the source (census.gov, American fact finder) • 2) Clean up data.

  6. Data Analysis • 3) Insert new column and label it “%Veteran Less Than High School ” • 4) Enter Formula: (Vet less than HS grad/ Veteran)*100, drag formula down. • 5) Insert new column and label it “%Non-vet Less Than High School” • 6) Enter Formula: (Non-vet Less Than High School Grad/Nonveteran)*100, drag formula down. • 7) Select all data • 8) Insert, Pivot Table • 9) Drag “%Veteran Less Than High School” and “%Non-vet Less Than High School” into values. • 10) click arrow in values, select Value Field Settings, and Summarize Value Field by Average. • 11) Insert, Column, 2D. • 12) Insert new column and label it “% Veteran Bachelors or Higher” • 13) Enter Formula: (Vet Bachelor’s or Higher/ Veteran)*100, drag formula down.

  7. Data Analysis • 14) Insert new column and label it “% Non-vet Bachelor’s or Higher” • 15) Enter Formula: (Non-vet Bachelor’s or Higher/ Nonveteran)*100, drag formula down. • 16) Select all data. • 17) Insert, Pivot Table • 18) Drag “% Veteran Bachelors or Higher” and “% Non-vet Bachelor’s or Higher” into values. • 19) click arrow in values, select Value Field Settings, and Summarize Value Field by Average. • 20) Insert, Column, 2D.

  8. Findings The graph shows that Veterans are more likely to have graduated high school than nonveterans.

  9. Findings This graph shows that Veterans are less likely than Nonveterans to have a Bachelor’s degree or higher.

  10. In Conclusion… As Teachman concludes in his article, “One cannot speak of uniformity in the educational consequences of serving in the military. Variation occurs according to one’s position in the life course and the resources that are available to pursue an education.” For example, on average WWII veterans benefited from an increase in education while Vietnam veterans suffered an educational deficit.

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