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Natural Selection & Evolution

Natural Selection & Evolution. “How’d you get that tail, man?”. Vocab. Variation: Natural differences in the phenotypes of a population or species Adaptation: an inheritable trait that helps an individual survive and reproduce Jackrabbits long ears keep it cool

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Natural Selection & Evolution

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  1. Natural Selection & Evolution “How’d you get that tail, man?”

  2. Vocab • Variation: Natural differences in the phenotypes of a population or species • Adaptation: an inheritable trait that helps an individual survive and reproduce • Jackrabbits long ears keep it cool • Jackrabbits will freeze when chased to throw off the predator • Fitness: how well an individual can survive and reproduce in its environment • Natural Selection: organisms with variations most suited to their environment survive and reproduce • Evolution: How a species can change over time in response to a change in their environment • Speciation: How one species can arise from another

  3. Natural Selection • Well adapted organisms survive and reproduce • As an area changes, the population may change. • Having the best adapted to your environment depends on the genes you inherit from your parents

  4. A Natural Selection story • There are natural variations in grasshopper color: yellow and green • Green grasshoppers are more camouflaged to their environment • The color green is an adaptation

  5. Green grasshoppers are more fit because they have a higher survival rate • Because they survive longer they reproduce more often

  6. The amount of green grasshoppers increases over time due to being more fit to their environment

  7. An Evolution story • What would happen if our grasshopper area experienced drought and the grass was mostly dead or there was less grass and the ground was less green?

  8. Reproductive Isolation & Speciation • When members of a population are isolated from one another, they might be exposed to different environmental factors • This can cause them to be selected differently • Over time, the two groups might become so different they are different species (unable to reproduce)

  9. Natural vs. artificial selection • Natural selection happens when there is a change in the environment and reflects the genome of each species involved. • Artificial selection is directly caused by humans during selective breeding or genetic manipulation.

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