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RISK FROM RADIATION EXPOSURE

RISK FROM RADIATION EXPOSURE. Introduction . Myths created by the film industry Spider Man, The Hulk, Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Radioactive Material Glows. Risk. The statistical probability that personal injury will result from some action smoking, speeding, extreme sports, ect.

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RISK FROM RADIATION EXPOSURE

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  1. RISK FROM RADIATION EXPOSURE

  2. Introduction • Myths created by the film industry • Spider Man, The Hulk, Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles • Radioactive Material Glows

  3. Risk • The statistical probability that personal injury will result from some action • smoking, speeding, extreme sports, ect. • ionizing radiation exposure

  4. Ionizing Radiation Exposure Effects • Somatic Effect (Prompt or Delayed) • Stochastic Effect (Cancer) - probability of effect occurring increases as doses increases. No Threshold • Non-Stochastic Effect (Cataracts) - severity of the effect varies with dosage. Threshold dose • Teratogenic Effects(Offspring while in-utero) • mental retardation • malformations

  5. Ionizing Radiation Exposure Effects (Con’t) • Genetic Effects (Future Generations) • Anemia • Epilepsy • Diabetes • Asthma

  6. Ionizing Radiation Exposure Effects (Con’t) • Genetic Effects (Future Generations) • Anemia • Epilepsy • Diabetes • Asthma • Natural genetic mutation rate (U.S.) - 10.5%

  7. Ionizing Radiation Exposure Effects (Con’t) • Genetic Effects (Future Generations) • Anemia • Epilepsy • Diabetes • Asthma • Natural genetic mutation rate (U.S.) - 10.5% • No genetic effects witnessed in humans

  8. Physical Factors of Effects • Acute dose vs. Chronic Dose

  9. Physical Factors of Effects • Acute dose vs. Chronic Dose • Whole body irradiation vs. partial body irradiation

  10. Problems with Models • Cancers are indistinguishable • Ionizing radiation is not only cause of cancer • Long latency period of cancer • Cannot perform human experiment • Studies may suggest radiation as the cause of cancer but cannot identify

  11. Cancer Facts What is cancer? - uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells • Causes - Many Risk increases after age 40 • Risk factors • Personal Habits, Environmental factors, Occupational hazards

  12. Cancer Facts (Con’t) • Prob. of developing cancer in U.S. (from birth to age 74) • 40% Male/Female • Death of cancer victims • 50% of personnel who develop cancer will die • Overall death rate from cancer • 20%

  13. Cancers frequently linked to radiation Breast cancer Thyroid cancer Leukemia

  14. Radiation Risk Estimate • Relative-Risk Coefficient - The fractional increase in the baseline incidence or mortality rate for unit dose (4 x 10-4 ) • If 10,000 indiv. received one rem each over background during their life, 4 additional deaths would occur of the 2,000 that would naturally occur

  15. Is Radiation Safe? • Safer than normal risk associated with many activities encountered daily

  16. Something Extra • Irradiating Food • Radon

  17. Summary • There may be a slight increase in the risk of developing cancer

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