Ancient Greece: Perfection of Mind, Body and Art

1. Ancient Greece: Perfection of Mind, Body and Art Tim Coudret 7th grade World Cultures

2. Greek Literature • Mycenaeans were first inhabitants in South and Central Greece. • Originally were of Asian descent but were displaced by an influx of people from the North. • The Mycenaeans engaged in a series of battles against the city of Troy.

3. Greek Literature • Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey were based on this war. • This is a model of the Trojan Horse made famous by the blind poet Homer.

4. Greek Mythology • According to Greek legend, their Gods lived on top of Mount Olympus. • The Gods, though, also became involved in the everyday lives of the Greeks

5. Greek MythologyThere were 12 Major Greek Gods (Pictured are Zeus, Poseidon, Athena, Hades, Artemis and Hermes).

6. Greeks Loved Beauty of the Mind • There were three great Greek philosophers that have influenced the intellectual world for 3000 years. • These Philosophers were Socrates, Plato and Aristotle.

7. Greek Philosophers: Socrates • Socrates taught that in order to reach ultimate truth, a person must test every answer. His advice was to “Know thyself” to understand one’s beliefs. • He was forced to drink poison because he was charged with corrupting the youth of Athens.

8. Greek Philosophers: Plato • Plato was a faithful student of Socrates. • Plato taught that the goal of every person was perfection in mind and body. • He stressed 4 virtues; Courage, Wisdom, a sense of Justice and Moderation.

9. Greek Philosophers: Aristotle • Aristotle was a pupil of Plato. • He as probably the most influential philosopher of all-time. • Master of many subjects; politics, Mathematics, Biology etc… • Tutored Alexander the Great

10. The Greeks Loved Beauty in Architecture • The Greeks built beautiful buildings where ever they went. Some of their greatest glory is found in their architecture. • Five of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World were Greek built or designed.

11. Map of the Seven Ancient Wonders: Which five do you think were built by the Greeks?

12. The Seven Wonders: The Statue of Zeus • This was built in was created in Olympia and was carved from marble and adorned with gold. • While it was long ago destroyed, Historians have a reasonable idea of what it looked like.

13. The Temple of Artemis • Located in Ephesus • Allegedly, it took 120 years to build • 1st building known to be built completely out of marble.

14. The Seven Wonders: The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus • Giant tomb built for King Mausolus by his wife (who was also his sister). • Stood for over 17 centuries- until a 1404 A.D. earthquake completed its destruction.

15. The Seven Wonders: The Colossus of Rhodes • This was constructed around 304 B.C. • It was built by the people of Rhodes to honor their patron God Helios. • It was 110 feet tall and stood on a 50 foot tall pedestal.

16. The Seven Wonders:The Lighthouse of Alexandria • World’s 1st lighthouse • It was the 2nd tallest building in the world at between 450-600 feet tall. • Final collapse was in 1326 due to an earthquake.

17. The Seven Wonders: The Hanging Gardens of Babylon • The Hanging Gardens were not built by the Greeks. • Babylon is present day Iraq • The Hanging Gardens were built by King Nebuchadnezzar to cheer up his homesick wife.

18. The Seven Wonders: The Great Pyramids • The Pyramids are over 4500 hundred years old. • The largest has over 2 million stones, each weighing 2 ½ tons. • Built as a tomb.

19. Other Famous Greek Buildings: The Parthenon • This was built in Athens to honor the Goddess Athena. • A 38 foot tall statue of Athena was erected in the Parthenon. It was made of marble and ivory. • You can still see the Parthenon atop the Acropolis in Athens.

20. Greek Influence in Modern Architecture • Can you tell what piece of Greek architecture influenced this?

21. The Answer: The Lighthouse of Alexandria (That was Too Easy)

22. Now for something a little tougher… • Where has the world seen this before?

23. Of Course, The Colossus of Rhodes!!!

24. What About the Lincoln Memorial?

25. Did you say the Parthenon?

26. O.K. One More: What else influenced the Lincoln Memorial?

27. The designer of the Lincoln Memorial patterned Lincoln after The Statue of Zeus

28. Ancient Greece • Greece has influenced the world in many ways. We touched on some of them today but this was just a start. There are many areas that were not mentioned. • Your homework for tonight is to identify two areas in your that has been affected by the culture of the Ancient Greeks.

29. Activities • Students will design a monument or building by incorporating a concept of one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. • The class will write a daily journal entry from the point of view of one of the great Greek philosophers. • One class period will be comparing Homer’s Odyssey to short clips from the movie Oh Brother Where Art Thou. • The students will create and design a Presidential add campaign for a Greek God of their choice. • The students will take a virtual tour of Greece in the computer lab.

30. Objectives • Students will be able to identify Socrates, Plato and Aristotle. • Students will be able to list the five “Wonders” designed by Greeks. • Students will understand the contribution that Greeks have made to our culture and the importance of this contribution.

31. Web Sites • The Ancient City of Athens: Sites and Monuments www.indiana.edu/~kglowak/Athens/sites.htm The Unmuseum- The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World www.unmuseum.org/wonders.htm Pictures of Washington D.C. Monuments and Memorials http://washingtondcmetroweb.com/Monuments6.htm Exhibits Collection: Renaissance www.learner.org/exhibits/renaissance/ Sistine Chapel Ceiling: Entrance http://sun.science.wayne.edu/~mcogan/Humanities/Sistine/index.html