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27.1 Feeding and Digestion. Sea sponge = animal LUCA?. HOW DOES IT EAT? watch!. DIGESTION TYPES (2). 1) Intracellular = take place within cytoplasm of cells Mainly protozoans ( amoeba and paramecium) and sponges.
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Sea sponge = animal LUCA? HOW DOES IT EAT? watch!
DIGESTION TYPES (2) 1) Intracellular = take place within cytoplasm of cells • Mainly protozoans (amoeba and paramecium) and sponges
Extracellular - food broken down outside of cells, then absorbed - organism releases enzymes out of the cell and into the cavity to start digestion
Gastrovascular Cavity - single opening in which food is ingested and waste expelled (some invertebrates)
Digestive tract - tube with mouth and anus that has multiple organs helping digest food
RUMEN - specialized organ in herbivores that holds bacteria that can digest cellulose (fiber)
Specialized mouth parts: • 1) Carnivore - canines pronounced, molars have sharp ridges • 2) Herbivore - small canines, molars flat
HUMANS • Small intestine - absorbs proteins, lipids, carbohydrates • Nutrients diffuse into blood vessels lining intestinal wall • Villi - fingerlike protrusions that capture food particles • villi
Large intestine - absorbs water and missed nutrients - absorbs vitamins made by bacteria such as K and B12 - stores waste until ready to expel out of rectum
Accessory organs in humans help digest: 1) liver - secretes bile to break lipids into fatty acids 2) gall bladder - also secretes bile 3) pancreas - secretes pepsin to help digest protein