Implications and Realities of IPv6 Christian Huitema Architect, Windows ® Networking Microsoft ® Corporation

1. Implications and Realities of IPv6 Christian HuitemaArchitect, Windows ® NetworkingMicrosoft ® Corporation

2. How will IPv6 change the world? • Global addressing: • 64+64 format: 1.8E+19 networks, units • 1E+16 networks, assuming IPv4 efficiency • 1 million networks per human • 2 networks per sq.ft of Earth (20 per m2) • Plug and play: • IP networking easier than IPX • Efficient mobility: • Simple instant-on ad-hoc networking • Mobile IP, without servers, without dogleg

3. Problem 1: Peer-to-peerRTP audio example P1 P2 Home LAN Home LAN Internet NAT NAT • With NAT: • Need to learn the address “outside the NAT” • Provide that address to peer • Need either NAT-aware application, or application-aware NAT • May need a third party registration server to facilitate finding peers

4. Solution 1: Peer-to-peer RTP audio example P1 P2 Home LAN Home LAN Internet Home Gateway Home Gateway • With IPv6: • Just use IPv6 address

5. Problem 2: MultipartyConference Example P1 P2 Home LAN Home LAN Internet NAT NAT • With NAT, complex and brittle software: • 2 Addresses, inside and outside • P1 provides “inside address” to P3, “outside address” to P2 • Need to recognize inside, outside • P1 does not know outside address of P3 to inform P2 P3

6. Solution 2: Multiparty IPv6Conference Example P1 P2 Home LAN Home LAN Internet Home Gateway Home Gateway • With IPv6: • Just use IPv6 addresses P3

7. Problem 3: Ad-hoc networking • IPv4: media lock + 63 sec. • Try DHCP • Wait for timeout • Select AutoNet address • Conflict detect

8. Solution 3: Ad-hoc networking • IPv6: media lock + 1 sec. • Configure using MAC • Conflict detect

9. Problem 4: Move from “cell” to “cell” • IPv4: • Tell server, • Packets are relayed through the server P1 ‘cell’ A ‘cell’ B Relay Internet P2

10. Solution 4: Move from “cell” to “cell” with IPv6 • IPv6: • Tell server + peer • Packets take direct path P1 ‘cell’ A ‘cell’ B Relay Internet P2

11. If IPv6 is so great, how come it is not there yet? • Network • No “push-button” transition • Need to ramp-up investment • Applications • Need upfront investment, stacks, etc. • Similar to Y2K, 32 bit vs. “clean address type” ?

12. Transition, with 6to4:No dependency on “core” Pure “Version 6” Internet Original “Version 4” Internet 6to4 Site 6to4 Site

13. FP  (3bits) TLA  (13bits) IPv4 Address  (32bits) SLA ID  (16bits) Interface ID (64bits) 001 0x0002 ISP assigned Locally administered Auto configured 6to4 addresses:1 v4 address = 1 v6 network • Stateless tunnel over the IPv4 network without configuration • The IPv6 address contains the IPv4 address • Entire campus infrastructure fits behind single IPv4 address

14. Recent Press on IPv6 • May 16, 2000 — The nationwide Internet2™ backbone network, Abilene, today announced it has deployed IPv6, the next generation version of protocols that form the basis of the Internet. … a project of the University Corporation for Advanced Internet Development (UCAID) in partnership with Qwest Communications, Cisco Systems, Nortel Networks and Indiana University • May 15, 2000 — Apple® today released its fourth developer preview of Mac® OS X … The pre-release of IPv6 and IPsec technologies for Mac OS X is available for Developer Preview-4. • May 08, 2000 —Nokia has established a company-wide program to promote the IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6) standard for increased Internet address space for the Mobile Internet. • March 20, 2000 — Japanese telecommunications giant NTT last week announced the first commercial Internet service supporting IPv6 … • March 14, 2000 —Cisco Systems, the leading provider of Internet routers, this week affirmed for the first time that its software and hardware products will support IPv6 … IOS software, scheduled to ship in October. • March 15, 2000 — Microsoft Corp. today announced it will make the technical preview of Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) available for free* download on the Microsoft Software Developers Network (MSDNTM) Web site

15. Microsoft Roadmap • Phase 1 - March 1998 => MSR releases prototype for NT4 • IPv6 on MSR Web • Phase 2 - March 2000 => Early developer release for W2k • IPv6 on MSDN Web • Next phase: • Work on further IPv6 release • Test and port applications, test the transition tools. • Goal: IPv6 and IPv4 parity • Customer chooses! • Eventually => IPv4 becomes legacy

16. Key Messages • Ipv6 direct addressing of all stations enables peer-to-peer, conferencing, auto-configuration, mobility. • Transition to Ipv6 akin to Y2K (upgrade all SW to 128-bit addresses) • To help industry move along this path, MSFT proposed a stack for Win2000 and MS will continue to iterate this based on industry feedback

17. For More Information • Microsoft IPv6 Tech Preview News • http://www.microsoft.com/PressPass/press/2000/Mar00/IPv6PR.asp • Microsoft IPv6 Tech Preview Kit • http://msdn.microsoft.com/downloads/sdks/platform/tpipv6.asp • Microsoft IPv6 white paper • http://www.microsoft.com/technet/network/ipvers6.asp • IPv6 industry site • http://www.ipv6.org