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Kinetic Spot Welding

Kinetic Spot Welding. Curtis Prothe DMC Clad Metal Mt. Braddock, PA. EPNM 2012 May 2-5 Strasbourg, France. Kinetic Spot Welding (KSW) was developed and patented by DMC to:. Provide a spot weld having the qualities of an Explosion Weld.

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Kinetic Spot Welding

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  1. Kinetic Spot Welding Curtis Prothe DMC Clad Metal Mt. Braddock, PA EPNM 2012 May 2-5 Strasbourg, France

  2. Kinetic Spot Welding (KSW) was developed and patented by DMC to: • Provide a spot weld having the qualities of an Explosion Weld. • Create a system viable for use in any manufacturing or fabricating environment. • Provide a means of repetitive, reliable spot welding of thin dissimiliar metals.

  3. KSW: A new generation of welding from and old family tree. • Kinetic spot welding is a subset of the well developed, robust Explosion Welding Technology • A flyer sheet is accelerated across a distance to collide with a fixed base sheet under conditions which cause welding • For kinetic spot welds, the explosive energy source is replaced with a highly focused, common industrial alternative

  4. EXW is a well known technology for joining dissimilar metals. EXW is a Cold Process - No bulk heating of the metals, no diffusion, continuous melting, or HAZ Large explosive energy requirements limit the use to remote, or isolated areas. Explosion Welding (EXW) Synopsis

  5. EXW Spot Welds • Explosion spot welding demonstrated with reduced explosive quantities • EXW Spot welds technically successful, but still plagued by explosive licensing and regulatory issues.

  6. Kinetic Spot Welding (KSW) • Utilizes the energy of a high velocity projectile to generate the collision parameters necessary to create a weld. • KSW projectile can be accelerated by a deflagrating product (propellant, or gunpowder), pneumatic or hydraulic pressure, gas combustion or magnetic impulse. • Eliminates the use of explosives

  7. Kinetic Welding Schematic # 1

  8. Kinetic Welding Schematic # 2

  9. Kinetic Welding Schematic # 3

  10. Kinetic Welding Schematic # 4

  11. KSW Development • In order to develop a kinetic spot weld, the parameters necessary to develop EXW must be created. • The primary parameters to be controlled are: • Energy • Collision Angle • Collision Velocity

  12. KSW Development • The projectile must convey the proper amount of kinetic energy, requiring a balance of velocity and mass. • The projectile material must not damage the cladding metal during impact.

  13. KSW Development • Welding parameters were achieved by developing the proper: • Projectile Shape • Projectile Material type • Impact velocities

  14. Cladder Metal Cladder Thickness Base Metal Projectile Velocity (ft/sec) Projectile Velocity (m/sec) Copper 102 1.6mm (0.063”) Carbon Steel 2000 610 Tantalum 0.25mm (0.010”) Carbon Steel 1750 530 Tantalum 0.50mm (0.020”) Carbon Steel 2150 650 Aluminum 5052 O 1.6mm (.063”) Aluminum 5052 O 2150 650 KSW Parameters

  15. Materials Welded Using KSW • 1.6mm Copper welded to Carbon Steel

  16. Materials Welded Using KSW • Copper to Carbon Steel interface shown at 50x

  17. Materials Welded Using KSW • Aluminum 5052 O to Aluminum 5052 O KSW Interface

  18. KSW Development • During EXW, standoff is achieved by using sacrificial devices in the interface • In KSW, the cladding metal is dimpled to create standoff distance without introducing foreign material in the interface

  19. Multiple KSW Sample 0.5mm Tantalum bonded to Carbon Steel

  20. 14mm 38mm Materials Welded Using KSW • 0.50 mm Tantalum welded to Carbon Steel

  21. KSW Testing • Ultrasonic inspection show that projectiles 18.5mm in diameter create weld diameters from 10 to 14 mm. • Typical destructive testing techniques, such as ASME SA265 shear strength testing are not viable for such thin metals. • DMC Developed a hydrostatic testing fixture to test the strength of the KSW weld.

  22. KSW Testing • KSW sample of 0.50mm Tantalum-Carbon Steel hydrostatically tested. • >55 MPa was applied without weld failure or joint separation. • Bond strength of spot weld exceeded the shear strength of the tantalum.

  23. Hydro-Static Test Sample Tantalum Sheared under pressure - KSW intact

  24. Advantages of KSW Spot Welding • Provide a spot weld having the qualities of an Explosion Weld. • Can be used in a typical fabrication shop environment • Does not require the use of explosives

  25. Advantages of KSW Spot Welding • Best suited for very thin cladding sheets • Can be used to attach a liner inside a finished vessel • Can be used for repair of damaged cladding

  26. Limitations of KSW • Not a full area cladding technology. Each spot weld is limited to a size of approximately 10 to 16 mm • Not suitable for thick cladding

  27. Potential KSW Applications • Lining vessels with thin layers of expensive metals such as Tantalum or Niobium. • Spot welding of alloys and dissimilar metals that are difficult or impossible to weld with conventional resistance spot welding techniques • Attachment of applique spots, such as thin platinum discs onto titanium

  28. Summary - Kinetic Spot Welding • Provides Spot Welds with EXW qualities • Possible to produce spot welds between practically any metal combination • Viable in any manufacturing environment • Rapid cycle time possible with automation

  29. Thank You For More Information on DMC Visit www.dynamicmaterials.com

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