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What is Soil ?

What is Soil ?. a dynamic natural body composed of mineral and organic materials and living forms in which plants grow. What is soil composed of ?. mineral material (45%) organic material (5%) air (20-30%) water (20-30%). What are some of the uses for soils ?.

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What is Soil ?

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  1. What isSoil? a dynamic natural body composed of mineral and organic materials and living forms in which plants grow.

  2. What is soil composed of? • mineral material (45%) • organic material (5%) • air (20-30%) • water (20-30%)

  3. What are some of the usesfor soils? • Medium for plant growth • recycling of nutrients and wastes • water supply and purification • habitat for soil organisms • engineering medium

  4. How do soilsform?

  5. Soil development is a function of Soil Forming Factors • climate • organisms • relief(topography) • parent material • time • HUMANS

  6. Soil = f (clropth)

  7. Parent Material • Geologic material eg. - weathered rock (residual) - glacial deposits - till (compacted) - outwash (loose) - alluvial (river deposited) - loess (wind deposited) - marine,lacustrine,ash, mudflow, organic

  8. Climate • Precipation & • Temperature Affects physical, chemical, & biologicalprocesses

  9. Organisms • Soil animals • Soil microbes • Vegetation *Interaction between Climate & Organisms

  10. Relief (or topography) Affects: • Water runoff • Colluvial movement • Solar radiation

  11. Time • Interacts with all other Soil Forming Factors

  12. HUMANS • may increase or decrease the effects of the other soil forming factors (many times even dramatically).

  13. Different combinations and intensities of the differentsoil forming factors createdifferentsoils!

  14. These differences are a result of processes affected by the soil forming factors that directly and indirectly affect the soil properties.

  15. Processes of Soil Formation • Additions • Losses • Translocations • Transformations

  16. Soil Forming Factorsaffecting the Soil ProcessesCreate the SOIL

  17. Need to be concerned aboutour management or use of soils • erosion, • compaction, • pollution, • available water, • organic matter, • nutrients, • etc

  18. Soils should be managed • logging on steep slopes • loss of the ‘forest floor’ • compaction of the soil SOIL EROSION

  19. Soil is a resource that should be protected from misuse because soil formation is generally considered in terms of centuries

  20. Soils should be considered as a valuable resource should be careful about our use or misuse of the soils

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