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Newton’s Laws of Motion - 1

Newton’s Laws of Motion - 1. Classical Mechanics. Describes the relationship between the motion of objects in our everyday world and the forces acting on them. Conditions when Classical Mechanics does not apply: - Very small objects (< atomic sizes) - Objects moving near the speed of light.

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Newton’s Laws of Motion - 1

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  1. Newton’s Laws of Motion - 1

  2. Classical Mechanics • Describes the relationship between the motion of objects in our everyday world and the forces acting on them. • Conditions when Classical Mechanics does not apply: • - Very small objects (< atomic sizes) • - Objects moving near the speed of light

  3. Forces Simple definition: a force is a push or pull on some object. Force is a vector quantity.

  4. Distunguish: • contact forces • and • remote (“action at a distance” or “field” forces. • Contact forces result from physical contact between two objects. • Field forces act between disconnected objects.

  5. Examples of Contact and Field Forces

  6. The Four Fundamental Forces • In order of decreasing strength: • Strong nuclear force • Electromagnetic force • Weak nuclear force • Gravity • All are field forces. • Only gravity and electromagnetic forces are treated in classical mechanics.

  7. Lex 1: Corpus omne perseverare in statu suo quiescendi vel movendi uniformiter in directum, nisi quatenus a viribus impressis cogitur statum illum mutare. Law 1: Every body continues in its state of rest, or of uniform motion in a straight line, unless it is compelled to change that state by forces impressed upon it.

  8. Law 1: Every body continues in its state of rest, or of uniform motion in a straight line, unless it is compelled to change that state by forces impressed upon it. This is sometimes called the law of inertia.

  9. Lex II: Mutationem motus proportionalem esse vi motrici impressae, et fieri secundum lineam rectam qua vis illa imprimitur. The acceleration produced by a particular force acting on a body is directly proportional to the magnitude of the force and inversely proportional to the mass of the body.

  10. Lex II: Mutationem motus proportionalem esse vi motrici impressae, et fieri secundum lineam rectam qua vis illa imprimitur. The acceleration produced by a particular force acting on a body is directly proportional to the magnitude of the force and inversely proportional to the mass of the body.

  11. Second Law: 1. The acceleration vector is in the direction of the net force. 1.

  12. Second Law: 2. The magnitude of the acceleration vector is proportional to the magnitude of the net force. 2.

  13. Second Law: 3. The magnitude of the acceleration vector is inversely proportional to the mass. 3.

  14. The SI unit for force: The force that gives an object of 1 kg mass an acceleration of 1 m/s2 is defined as 1 newton (N). 1 N = 1 kg.m/s2

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