Unit 4 health & human development

1. Unit 4 health & human development AOS 2: Promoting global health and human development. • Key Knowledge: ‘The core functions of the WHO in providing global health and sustainable human development.’ • Key Skills: ‘Describe the role of international and Australian government and non-government agencies and organisations in global health and sustainable human development.’

2. Who is WHO • What is the WHO?

3. Who is WHO • WHO is the directing and coordinating authority on international health within the United Nations system. • http://www.who.int/en/ • http://www.youtube.com/who • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HSvoF8IfzRY&list=PL9S6xGsoqIBWIXJto75XehaSoGBzmKdPR • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LDWPJijPuBY&list=PL9S6xGsoqIBUsjiUQ7cYZmI-v00hpbiGG

4. Activity Core Function of WHO • There are 6 core functions that you need to know

5. 1. Providing leadership and creating partnerships to improve health. • The WHO develops and adapts international laws to protect global health and solve major global health problems. The aim is to decrease the impact of global health problems that occur around the world such as malaria outbreaks and lack of access to health care as the result of civil unrest. • The WHO also works with countries to provide advice on promoting health. Some of these global health partnerships include: – the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria – the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization – the Stop-TB partnership – the Roll Back Malaria Partnership – the Partnership for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health.

6. 2. managing information and promoting research. • The WHO works with other organisations to ensure the most up to date research is available for improving health for those in need. • The WHO also collects data to guide health promotion projects. • The WHO supports health research that is used to promote health; prevent and control diseases; strengthen health systems; accelerate the achievement of health-related • The WHO will use the knowledge to modify, design and produce tools and programmes that enhance equitable access to quality health products and services.

7. 3. setting norms and standards, and promoting and monitoring their implementation. • The WHO will set norms for areas of public health, based on the most complete and reliable scientific evidence available. • Expert committees, advisory panels and other advisory groups will contribute to this work. • Standardise how research is carried out and the terminology and classification systems used. • This enables different groups to share health-related resources and data from across the globe which provides more effective methods of controlling infections.

8. 4. assisting with policy selection. • They help countries to make appropriate policy choices with regards to improving health. • improves health in the region. • Some of the WHO policies include the policies for mental health, road traffic accidents, violence against women, chronic diseases and tobacco control.

9. 5. providing technical support and assisting health systems to become sustainable. • They provide advice that can be used to ensure the governments can implement sustainable programs and policies. • The WHO assists countries to monitor disease outbreaks and surveillance of conditions such as malaria and HIV/AIDS. • In emergencies and post-conflict situations, the WHO works with others to meet immediate health needs, and help governments concerned to provide support for reconstruction and disaster preparedness.

10. 6. monitoring the health situation and assessing health trends. • The WHO works with the governments of various countries and statistical institutions to collect data concerning trends and health-related issues. • As a result, countries can be monitored and compared for the purpose of improving health globally • They collect and compile health information that will allow countries to make informed health decisions leading to better health outcomes for the population.

11. ACTIVITY What have WHO done? • Develop 1st polio vaccination • Listing of 1st essential medicines • Set a goal for “health for all” • Eradication of smallpox • Identified HIV • Framework for Tobacco control • “global strategy on diet, physical activity and health”

12. The World Health Organisation (WHO) • The WHO has actively improved global health and sustainable human development with a number of achievements worldwide. Some of these achievements include: Essential medicines list:‘those drugs that satisfy the health care needs of the majority of the population, they should therefore be available at all times in adequate amounts and in appropriate dosage forms, at a price the community can afford.’ WHO

13. The World Health Organisation (WHO)

14. WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION (who) ‘The International Health Regulations (IHR)’ • Developed by WHO • The updated guidelines (effective June 2007) provide WHO with a greater role in disease control • Provides countries with a set of rules they can follow in the unfortunate event of a disease outbreak • Assists in identifying the disease • Provides steps to be taken to stop spread of disease • The WHO works with countries to ensure they’re well equipped to deal with any disease outbreak that may occur, including providing skilled personnel and expert training where required

15. WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION (who) Preventing non-communicable diseases (NCD): • Changes in diet, PA and tobacco use in both rich and poor countries have dramatically increased the risk of chronic (long-term), non-communicable diseases – NCD’s (a disease which is not infectious & may result from lifestyle factors such as smoking, improper diet or a lack of physical activity, or behavioural factors) such as: • Heart disease • Stroke • Cancer • Diabetes • It’s believed that with effective intervention targeting these risk factors, the burden of preventable NCD’s could be reduced.

16. WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION (who) Preventing non-communicable diseases (NCD): • ‘2008-2013 Action Plan for the Global Strategy for Prevention and Control of Non-Communicable Diseases.’ • Developed by the WHO in response to alarming predictions that NCD deaths globally will increase by 17% over the next 10 years. • Builds on the 2003 ‘WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control’ and the 2004 ‘Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health’. • An example of a health promotion strategy is: • Anti-tobacco advertising • World Tobacco Day • In India, at least 2200 people die DAILY from tobacco-related diseases. The government outlawed smoking in public places (2003) and banned advertising for tobacco products (2004) to try to reduce the number of tobacco death in a country where 40% of the country’s health problems are tobacco related.

17. WHO Catchphrase (health promotion) • PROMOTE – healthy living, more physical activity • PREVENT – premature deaths and avoid unnecessary disabilities • TREAT – Chronic diseases using latest available knowledge • CARE – appropriate care and good quality health care

18. WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION (who) ENHANCING GLOBAL HEALTH & DEVELOPMENT: • The improvement in global health is an ongoing mission of the WHO. • Good health is a key factor in human happiness and can contribute to populations living longer, being more productive and planning for the future. • The WHO is constantly developing Global Strategies, Action Plans and Frameworks that outline how to monitor and evaluate the implementation of a strategy and provide assistance to ministries of health in addressing health needs of the population.

19. WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION (who) ENHANCING GLOBAL HEALTH & DEVELOPMENT (continued): • The WHO provides assistance for people in countries that are experiencing threats to their everyday health (eg: outbreak of disease, natural disasters, economic crisis or conflict). • The combined effort of member states (of the UN) and other aid organisations attempts to reduce the impact of the crisis on the community affected. • The WHO has developed guidelines and publications to ensure that public health workers are well-informed as they plan the best course of action in a given crisis.

20. WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION (who) Helping to achieve the MDG’s: • The WHO are responsible for developing strategies, policies and guidelines that can be used to help meet the targets set the UN MDG’s.

21. WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION (who) How is the WHO helping countries to achieve the MDGs?

22. How is the WHO helping countries achieve the MDGs (continued)?

23. How is the WHO helping countries to achieve the MDGs (continued)?

24. How is the WHO helping countries to achieve the MDGs (continued)?

25. WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION (who) Health Care For All: • Another key focus of the WHO is to provide opportunities for everyone to have ACCESS to quality health care. • WHO are instrumental in providing policies on how to recruit and retain health workers. • The economic climate and budgetary restrictions often mean little money is available for health resources, including: • Hospitals • Clinics • Essential medicines • Equipment • Skilled health care workers

26. What other things has the WHO done • Go onto the WHO website and find out what WHO have done for nutrition (look under programs and projects) • Discuss how they can contribute to human development. • Look up 1 more strategy the WHO have implemented, relating to health and discuss how they can contribute to human development.