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Gender Differences

Gender Differences. SEX VS. GENDER. biology & behavior. Gender in development. differences from the start… XX vs. XY girls = healthier and hardier at birth girls = more “verbal” boys = more “active”. Gender in development. cognitive gender development…

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Gender Differences

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  1. Gender Differences

  2. SEX VS. GENDER biology & behavior

  3. Gender in development differences from the start… • XX vs. XY • girls = healthier and hardier at birth • girls = more “verbal” • boys = more “active”

  4. Gender in development cognitive gender development… Children first understand gender, then identify with it (cute/embarrassing stories) • Constancy age 3- identify, age 4- stability, age 5- constancy • Stereotypes age 2- clothes, 3- toys, 4- colors, 5-behavioral traits(boys before girls, Santa study, Simpson, 1982) (Damon, 1977 quotes)

  5. Gender in development psychological differences… (Maccoby & Jacklin, reviewed over 1500 studies) • Girls = more verbal • Boys = better spatial abilities • Boys = better at arithmetic reasoning involving spatial skills • Boys = show greater physical and verbal aggression

  6. Gender in development also: • Boys may be more active, explorative • Boys may engage in more rough play • Girls may be more responsive to infants • Girls may be less demanding and more compliant to parents

  7. Gender in development but… GROUP AVERAGES! unfounded… • Girls = more social • Girls = more suggestible • Girls = lower self-esteem • Boys = more analytic & logical • Girls = less motivated

  8. Gender in development Gender segregation… • Dolls vs. trucks? (age 2) • Same sex play age 4: three times more likely age 6-7: eleven times more likely What’s causing this?

  9. nature-nurture-nature-nurture-nature-nurture-nature…

  10. Adult Gender Differences and Research • Cross-cultural adjective study: Williams & Best, 1990 • Biochemical differences (hormones) • Brain differences (size and lateralization)

  11. Why are gender differences important?

  12. What a man would say… • Politics • Power • Dominance…

  13. What a woman would say… • Relationships • Understanding…

  14. Homework • Watch “the Hot Chick” no, seriously • Three commercials (plus, your own scouting) • Psych. Today article • Taking sides article • Kate Bornstein’s test & website (http://cydathria.com/ms_donna/ga_test.html) Extra: Yahoo news article & Parentsoup article

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