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Fiber Channel √ How-To

Basic. Fiber Channel √ How-To. Standard. Fiber Channel is an open standard communications and transport protocol as defined by ANSI and operates over copper and fiber optic cabling at distances of up to 10 kilometers.

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Fiber Channel √ How-To

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  1. Basic Fiber Channel √ How-To

  2. Standard Fiber Channel is an open standard communications and transport protocol as defined by ANSI and operates over copper and fiber optic cabling at distances of up to 10 kilometers. Single-mode (SM) fiber allows for only one pathway, or mode, of light to travel within the fiber. Multi-mode (MM) fiber allows more than one mode of light. Multi-mode fiber is better suited for shorter distance applications. Fiber Channel Speed: up to 1Gb/s, 2Gb/s, 4Gb/s Maximum Transmission Unit: 64 kB … but in theory unlimited The structure of a fiber optic cable Fiber Channel adapter cable

  3. Topology Point-to-point This is the simplest topology to configure. A point-to-point configuration is a direct connection between two endpoints. Arbitrated loop This is a ring topology that shares the fiber-channel bandwidth among multiple endpoints. The loop is implemented within a hub that interconnects the endpoints An arbitrated scheme is used to determine which endpoint gets control of the loop. The maximum number of ports is 127. Switched fabric This topology provides the most flexibility and makes the best use of the aggregated bandwidth by the use of switched connections between endpoints. One or more switches are interconnected to create a fabric, to which the endpoints are connected

  4. Terminology Node A node is an endpoint that contains information. It can be a computer (host), a device controller, or a peripheral device (such as disk or tape drives). Port Each node must have at least one port (hardware interface) to connect the node to the FC topology. This node port is referred to as an N_Port. Other port types include: E_Port An expansion port is used to interconnect switches and build a switched fabric. F_Port A fabric port is used to connect an N_Port to a switch that is not loop-capable. FL_Port A fabric loop port is used to connect NL_Ports to a switch in a loop configuration. G_Port A generic port is a port that has not assumed a role in the fabric. L_Port A loop port is a port in a Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop (FC-AL) topology. NL_Port A node loop port is an N_Port with loop capabilities.

  5. Naming and addressing Worldwide node name (WWNN) Worldwide port name (WWPN) This is similar to the way that all Ethernet cards have a unique MAC address (eg.0x5005076300cd9589) • Port Addressing • - Domain • - Area • - Port or arbitrated loop physical address ALPA

  6. Tape Server Tape Robot FC CERN infrastructure Fiber Tape Drives Qlogic Fiber Channel Bus Adapter

  7. FC CERN infrastructure Port Id: =0 x 00 00 01 Port Id: =0 x 00 00 EF Private loop port id first 4 bytes 0 last 2 bytes ALPA table. Port id with lowest address arbitrates the loop.

  8. Adapter Menu FC host bus adapter configuration Main Menu Target Menu SCLI Qlogic command line interface

  9. Locally in tape drive (menu, select button) FC tape drive configuration Remotely with StdsWin (if RJ-45 connection available)

  10. “The unknown famous ALPA table “ FC tape drive addressing Use a new Physical address each time/use the same Physical address each time 9940 tape drive view cfg menu Search Loop Id in high/low order Index to the ALPA table, 08 = 0xD9 Max data size 24 bit address WWPN

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