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Jupiter-Like Planets

Jupiter-Like Planets. The Jovian Planets. Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune. Appearances. Storms. Clouds. Insides. Earth-like: 3.9 – 5.5 g/cm 3. p. 172. Jupiter & Saturn. Liquid molecular hydrogen/helium. Liquid metallic hydrogen. Rocky core. p. 175. p. 175. Uranus & Neptune.

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Jupiter-Like Planets

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  1. Jupiter-Like Planets The Jovian Planets Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune

  2. Appearances

  3. Storms Clouds

  4. Insides

  5. Earth-like: 3.9 – 5.5 g/cm3 p. 172

  6. Jupiter & Saturn Liquid molecular hydrogen/helium Liquid metallic hydrogen Rocky core p. 175

  7. p. 175

  8. Uranus & Neptune Liquid molecular hydrogen/helium ‘Slush’ Rocky core p. 175

  9. Internal heat/solar heat * Most Jovians are net radiators . . . Jupiter 2 Saturn 3 Uranus 1 Neptune 1.5

  10. ‘slow’ ‘fast’ * Jovians rotate differentially . . .  Fluid interior

  11. Magnetic Fields

  12. * Fluid, conducting interiors + rapid rotation  huge magnetic fields Strange geometry

  13. Jovian Magnetospheres

  14. Jupiter & Saturn Aurorae

  15. Atmospheres

  16. * No solid surfaces! * Composition: mainly hydrogen & helium + some methane & ammonia. * Heated mainly from bottom. * Rapid rotation drives high-speed east-west winds, forming clouds into zones & belts. * Sustain giant cyclonic storms: - Great Red Spot - Great Dark Spot

  17. Zone Belt Rising air . . . . . . Falling air . . . Convection! Temp Jupiter’s atmosphere

  18. p. 175

  19. 16,000 mi Great Red Spot . . . Cyclonic Storm

  20. Great Red Spot (Jupiter)

  21. Red Spot Movie

  22. Great Dark Spot (Neptune)

  23. 370 mi Galileo atmospheric probe - 230 oF +300 oF

  24. Blue-green of Uranus & Neptune is due to methane

  25. Moons

  26. Jupiter’s Family

  27. Vents Io Recent volcanic deposits

  28. Volcanic Plumes Sulfur deposits

  29. Volcano from above Lava lake?

  30. Europa Icy Surface

  31. Water beneath the ice? Cracks in the Ice

  32. Ice ‘Rafts’

  33. p. 175

  34. Ganymede Craters in icy crust

  35. Strange grooved terrain – suggestive of tectonic activity . . .

  36. Callisto The most heavily cratered body in the Solar System!

  37. Valhalla Impact Basin

  38. Saturn’s Moons Titan

  39. Haze (‘smog’) Ethane lakes? Voyager, 1981 Hubble Space Telescope, 1998 Titan 90% nitrogen

  40. Huygens probe descending toward Titan Cassini mission to Saturn (Arrival: 2004)

  41. Rhea Enceladus Dione • Densities ~ 1.2 – 1.4 g/cm3 • Ice + rock interiors & icy surfaces.

  42. Some of Saturn’s minor satellites.

  43. Moons of Uranus Miranda

  44. Miranda Groovy terrain!

  45. Neptune: 8 moons Neptune Triton

  46. Triton ‘Cantaloupe’ terrain Nitrogen ice surface Temp = - 390 oF South polar cap

  47. Streaks probably result from nitrogen geysers. Dark streaks Old Faithful

  48. Clouds in a thin nitrogen atmosphere.

  49. Rings

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