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Chapter 13:

Chapter 13:. Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood. Think about your own less-than-ideal health habits. What rationalizations do you use to justify them to yourself?. ?. ?. Questions To Ponder. Physical Functioning Types of Aging. Definitions

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Chapter 13:

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  1. Chapter 13: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood

  2. Think about your own less-than-ideal health habits. What rationalizations do you use to justify them to yourself? ? ? Questions To Ponder

  3. Physical FunctioningTypes of Aging Definitions Primary aging: Gradual and inevitable process of bodily deterioration throughout life Secondary aging: Preventable processes from disease and poor health practices

  4. The Brain and Nervous SystemEarly Adulthood Growth spurts in brain Response inhibition cortex control of limbic system New neuronal production Gradual loss of speed

  5. The Brain and Nervous SystemEarly Adulthood General Physical Skills Better physical skills on all measures when compared to older adults • Strength peaks in the 20s and early 30s • Active lifestyles affect functioning

  6. Figure 13.1 Changes in Grip Strength UPDATE TO COME

  7. Think of elite athletes. When are they in their prime: gymnastics, swimming, weight-lifting, baseball, football, golf, and tennis? What does this tell us about aging? ? ? Questions To Ponder

  8. Other Body SystemsEarly Adulthood Heart and Lungs Systematic decline with age of Maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) Reflects cumulative effects of sedentary lifestyle Aerobic exercise can improve VO2max at nearly any age

  9. Other Body SystemsEarly Adulthood Reproductive Capacity • Women’s reproductive capacity begins to drop in mid-20s • Men’s capacity diminishes but remains intact

  10. One of the key physical changes over the years of adulthood is increasing susceptibility to disease.

  11. Physical FunctioningEarly Adulthood Thymus gland: Glandular organ at base of the neck that produces lymphocytes and aids in producing immunity; atrophies with age Central to aging process

  12. So how many healthy/unhealthy habits did you identify?

  13. Health and WellnessHealth Habits and Personal Factors Healthy Habits

  14. Health and WellnessSubstance Use and Abuse Overview Quick Facts • Peak between 18 and 40 • Gender differences • Binge drinking common among college students • Physical and psychological dependence and physical tolerance may occur

  15. Health and WellnessSubstance Use and Abuse Factors Influencing Addictive Potential of Drugs

  16. Cognitive ChangesPost-Format Thought Post-formal thought: Thinking characterized by an understanding of the relative, nonabsolute nature of knowledge • Labouvie-Vief, Kohlberg, William Perry Dialectical thought: Ability to think logically and critically in order to assess and evaluate propositions • Basseches

  17. Cognitive ChangesPost-Format Thought Reflective Judgment Model: Stage model characterized by seven distinct but developmentally related sets of assumptions about process of knowing and its acquisition King and Kitchener • Analyze arguments and underlying assumptions

  18. Hendrix Health Center

  19. Health Habits and Personal Factors Social Support lowers risk of disease, death, and depression May boost immune system functioning Perceived Control Self-efficacy Internal locus of control

  20. Health and WellnessSexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) Bacterial STDs: treated with antibiotics Chlamydia (can be symptom free) Gonorrhea Syphilis

  21. Health and WellnessSexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) Viral STDs: Caused by viruses and considered incurable Genital herpes (20-30% of adults) Genital warts (HPV associated with 80% of cervical cancers) HIV/AIDS

  22. Mayo Clinic’s STD Quiz (p.344.) AIDS is a single disease. AIDS symptoms vary widely from country to country and group to group Those at greatest risk are people who have sex without using condoms, drug users who share needles, and infants born to infected mothers. AIDS is one of the most highly contagious diseases One way to avoid contracting AIDS is to use an oil-based lubricant with a condom.

  23. How aggressively do you protect yourself from an STD? How would you handle a partner that balks at using protection or your use of protection? ? ? Questions To Ponder

  24. Health and WellnessAnxiety and Mood Disorders Top Two! Disorders Anxiety Depression (10% of 18-24 yr olds) • Most common mental disorder are those associated with fear and anxiety • Second most common types are problems associated with moods

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