1 / 10

Brønsted-Lowry theory of acids and bases

H + is transferred. Note:We often say “Proton”. Brønsted-Lowry theory of acids and bases. H + Cl - + NH 3 Cl - + NH 4 +. An acid is a H + donor HCl A base is a H + acceptor NH 3. HCl + H 2 O H 3 O + (aq) + Cl - (aq). Oxonium Ion. acids and bases in solution.

iram
Download Presentation

Brønsted-Lowry theory of acids and bases

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. H+ is transferred Note:We often say “Proton” Brønsted-Lowry theory of acids and bases H+ Cl- + NH3Cl- + NH4+ An acid is a H+ donor HCl A base is a H+ acceptor NH3

  2. HCl + H2O H3O+(aq) + Cl- (aq) Oxonium Ion acids and bases in solution HCl H+(aq) + Cl- (aq)

  3. NaOH Na+(aq) + OH- (aq) CO3 2- (aq) +H2O(l) HCO33-aq) + OH-(aq) Alkalis vs bases A base is a H+ acceptor An alkali is a base that dissolves in water to form hydroxide ions. All alkalis are bases; not all bases are alkalis!

  4. Questions: Chemical Ideas page 194 Question 2 d,g,h & 3 b,c (extension: complete remaining parts of 2 &3)

  5. HA(aq) H+(aq) + A- (aq) Conjugate acid Conjugate base Acid-base pairs An acid exists in solution in equilibrium: Overall we call this a conjugate acid-base pair

  6. H2O(aq) H+(aq) + OH- (aq) H3O+(aq) H+(aq) + H2O(aq) Acid-base pairs Water can act as an acid OR a base: Proton donor Proton acceptor We say water is amphoteric

  7. Questions: Chemical Ideas page 194 Question 4b & 5b (extension: complete remaining parts of 4 & 5)

  8. HCl(aq) H+(aq) + Cl- (aq) C2H5OH (aq) H+(aq) + C2H5O -(aq) Strength of acids and bases A strong acid donates protons easily. A weak acid donates protons less easily, however the conjugate base accepts protons more easily than a strong acid

  9. HIn(aq) H+(aq) + In-(aq) base When you add an acid Acid-base Indicators Acid base indicators are coloured organic substances that are weak acids. For example: Litmus acid

  10. HIn(aq) H+(aq) + In-(aq) base When you add a base: HIn(aq) + OH- H2O(l) + In-(aq) Acid-base Indicators Acid base indicators are coloured organic substances that are weak acids. For example: Litmus acid

More Related