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Cultural Impacts. Tourism in the AAP Region. Cultural Impacts. Ethnic Tourism – focuses on the customs of indigenous and exotic peoples Cultural Tourism – emphasises different lifestyles Historical Tourism – looks at stories of the past. Cultural Impacts.
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Cultural Impacts Tourism in the AAP Region
Cultural Impacts • Ethnic Tourism – focuses on the customs of indigenous and exotic peoples • Cultural Tourism – emphasises different lifestyles • Historical Tourism – looks at stories of the past
Cultural Impacts • Encounter between the tourists and the hosts • Both tourist and host are affected • Often impact is one-sided, hosts affected more than the visitors
Changes in Cultural Tourism • Trade, wars, migration • Technology – advances in transportation and communication • Changes in attitude towards travel
Preservation of local customs and heritage • Strengthening communities • Events and festivals refreshed and developed http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fvpt4HJBAck
Increased local awareness of architectural and heritage sites • Raise local awareness of financial value of natural and cultural sites • Encourages local pride and interest in conservation
Cambodia • Destruction of human and natural resources • Tourism revitalised at end of 1980’s • Angkor Wat • UNESCO World Heritage Site in December 1992
Art and Craft industries develop to reinforce local cultures • Tourist interest can contribute to self worth of artists • Help conserve cultural traditions
Cultural Ties and Mutual Understanding Strengthened • Education for both tourists and hosts • Meeting real people, developing relationships • Respect, cultural understanding • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ubTSx-4VmAs
Development of Facilities • Community facilities and services • Upgraded infrastructure • Improved transportation • Sport and recreational facilities • Restaurants, public spaces
Malaysia http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ds5Y811RIks
Disruption of Lifestyle of local people • Cultural deterioration – vandalism, damage, litter • Resource usage – water, energy scarcity
Loss of Cultural Identity • Devalues tourist experience • Damages local cultural systems
Westernisation of Culture • Multinational companies • Global patterns of music, fashion, cinema
Commercialisation of Culture • Culture turned into a commodity • Religious traditions, local customs and festivals reduced to conform to tourist expectations • “Reconstructed ethnicity” • Production of cheap souvenirs for tourist market
Standardization • Satisfying tourists expectations • New and unfamiliar but not too new and unfamiliar http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W2GZrkqksms&feature=related
Culture Clash • Economic inequality • Irritation due to tourist behaviour • Job level friction