E- commerce

1. E- commerce Tralarin-Team

2. EDI Electronic Data Interchange EDI can be formally defined as 'The transfer of structured data, by agreed message standards, from one computer system to another without human intervention'. There are four major sets of EDI standards: • The UN-recommended UN/EDIFACT is the only international standard and is predominant outside of North America. • The US standard ANSI ASC X12 (X12) is predominant in North America. • The TRADACOMS standard developed by the ANA (Article Numbering Association) is predominant in the UK retail industry. • The standard used within the European automotive industry All of these standards first appeared in the early to mid 1980s.

3. B2B Business-to business (B2B) Both sides of the transaction are businesses, non-profit organizations, or governments. example An example of a B2B transaction is a chicken feed company selling its product to a chicken farm, which is another company

4. B2C Business-to consumer (B2C) E-commerce transactions where customers are individual consumers. The two main challenges faced by B2C e-commerce are building traffic and sustaining customer loyalty example An example of a B2C e-commerce is Amazon.com

5. e-procurement Procurement auction Also called a reverse auction, is a tool used in industrial business-to-business procurement. It is a type of auction in which the role of the buyer and seller are reversed In an ordinary auction buyers compete to obtain a good or service. In a reverse auction, sellers compete to obtain Business.

6. online auction An auction is a process of buying and selling goods or services by offering them up for bid, taking bids, and then selling the item to the winning bidder. Online Auction companies have opened up their applications to third party application developers to extend the capabilities and increase revenue. API interfaces were developed usingXML which enable third party developers to build applications that use the back-end of the online auction. example ebay.com

7. online catalogue • Information about products made available in electronic form via the Internet. • Often incorporate voice and video examples apple store :http://store.apple.com/Apple/WebObjects/esstore?type=consesDIR&qprm=126878 ebay: www.ebay.com

8. C2C Consumer-to consumer (C2C) Consumers sell directly to each other. The sites are only intermediaries, just there to match consumers. They do not have to check quality of the products being offered. example A common example is the online auction ,for example ebay.com, in which a consumer posts an item for sale and other consumers bid to purchase it; the third party generally charges a flat free or comission. .

9. C2B Consumer-to business (C2C) It is an electronic comerce business model in which consumers (individuals) offer products and services to companies and the companies pay them. example The increasing use of open-source applications by companies is also a concrete C2B example.

10. e-commerce eCommerce, consists of the buying and selling of products or services over electronic systems such as the Internet and other computer networks. Electronic commerce is generally considered to be the sales aspect of e-business. It also consists of the exchange of data to facilitate the financing and payment aspects of the business transactions.

11. e-business Electronic Busines E-business may be defined broadly as any business process that relies on anautomated information system. Today, this is mostly done with Web-based technologies. It involves business processes spanning the entire value chain: electronic purchasing andsupply chain management, processing orders electronically, handling customer service, and cooperating with business partners. Electronic business methods enable companies to link their internal and external data processing systems more efficiently and flexibly, to work more closely with suppliers and partners, and to better satisfy the needs and expectations of their customers. examples e-shops, e-malls, e-auctions…

12. ebXML Electronic Business using eXtensible Markup Language is a family of XML based standards sponsored by OASIS and UN/CEFACT whose mission is to provide an open, XML-based infrastructure that enables the global use of electronic business information in an interoperable, secure, and consistent manner by all trading partners.

13. ebXML This picture shows ebXML in action :

14. e-commerce benefits • Improved, lower cost information • Lower entry costs • Available 24/7, virtually anywhere in the world • Availability expands markets for both buyers and sellers • Decreases the cost of paper-based information • Reduces the cost of communication • Provides richer communication than traditional means • Fast delivery of digitized products • Increased flexibility of location

15. e-commerce limitations • Lack of system security, reliability and standards • Lack of privacy • Insufficient bandwidth • Integrating e-commerce software with existing software is still a challenge • Lack of trust in unknowns on the other end of the transaction, integrity of the transaction itself, and electronic money that is only bits and bytes