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Moving Palliative Care Upstream

Moving Palliative Care Upstream. David E. Weissman, MD Professor Emeritus Medical College of Wisconsin Consultant, Center to Advance Palliative Care. Objectives. List three benefits of integrating palliative care principles early into the course of chronic disease management.

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Moving Palliative Care Upstream

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  1. Moving Palliative Care Upstream David E. Weissman, MD Professor Emeritus Medical College of Wisconsin Consultant, Center to Advance Palliative Care

  2. Objectives • List three benefits of integrating palliative care principles early into the course of chronic disease management. • Describe three new models of palliative care service delivery that seek to engage patients early in the disease course. • Characterize national efforts to impact health care policy concordant with palliative care principles.

  3. Historical Perspective • Phase I Hospice 1970s-80s • Phase 2 Palliative Care 1990s-2000s • Phase 3 Spread2010s-

  4. The Palliative Care Intervention • Interdisciplinary teams • Patient-centered goals of care discussion • Realistic prognostication • Pain and symptom relief • Disposition planning reflecting patient goals • Patient/Family support • Bereavement support

  5. Key Palliative Care Outcomes • Reduced ICU length of stay • Rapid symptom relief • Earlier referral to hospice services-longer • Greater patient/family satisfaction • Lower hospital cost • Prolonged survival (outpatient intervention)

  6. Standards and Certification • Joint Commission Certification (2011) • NQF Palliative Care Care Standards (2012) • Commission on Cancer requirement, Cancer Center Accreditation (2011) • Board Certification, Hospice and Palliative Medicine • Physicians • Nurses: AP, RN, LPN • Social workers • Chaplains (pending)

  7. What is left to accomplish? • In hospitals, at best, only 25-50% of palliative care needs are being met. • Variable penetration to areas of highest need: • ICUs, ED, Oncology, Neurology, Renal • Between hospitals and hospice there is a large gap of palliative care needs across the Continuum of health care. • Outpatient services • Long-term and Home care • Home care

  8. Hospitals • Not all hospitals have consult services • Those that do are typically overworked • High rate of stress/burnout • Many “martyrs” • Adding more staff is problematic • More staff leads to more consults

  9. The Referral Conundrum • Consults predominantly occur based on clinician values, rather than patient needs • Clinician values/attitudes inhibit provision of excellent palliative care services • My patient isn’t ready; my patient is not dying • I’m not ready for palliative care • I will not give up on my patient • Education alone will not fix this problem.

  10. Reality Check • There will never be enough palliative care specialists (all disciplines) to meet the demand. • Overall health care dollars will be shrinking.

  11. Solutions • Increase team efficiency: Accountability and Value • New team models • Integrate palliative care principles into high-risk locations • Identify unmet needs • Expand Generalist Palliative Care • Improve care across the continuum

  12. 1. Increase Team Efficiency • Close examination of the process of care delivery • Staff time studies • Determine cost/case • Use metrics to determine efficiency and value

  13. 2. New Team Models • “Counselor” Model • Med Center Central Georgia/UMDNJ • Staff • Specially trained communication “counselors” (Nursing, Mental health background) • Intervention • Manage most goal of care discussions • Work in both parallel and series with PC team

  14. 3. Integration Projects • Efforts to broaden the spread of palliative care principles into locations of high unmet needs, through … • setting collaborative goals • early patient identification (triggers) • systems change to guide right care at right time—routine family meetings • quality improvement-data driven change

  15. www.capc.org/ipal

  16. 4. Find the Unmet Needs A patient-centered approach would be to design a system where palliative care interventions are based on patient and/or disease factors, rather than clinician attitudes/values. • Patients are fully informed about treatment options. • Patients have equal access to all hospital resources. • Patients receive only the life-sustaining treatments • they desire/are appropriate to their medical • condition/prognosis.

  17. Common trigger systems • ICU • Length of stay • Multi-organ failure • Metastatic cancer • Prolonged unconsciousness • Nursing home admission • Emergency department • Oncology clinic • Special populations • LVAD/CHF • Nursing home admits • PEG or trach consideration

  18. 5. Generalist Pall. Care Need to imbed Palliative Care principles into the system of health care delivery • Commitment: time/$ • Assessment: case finding—all patient screen • Responsibility: QI • Education: all clinical staff • Standards: who/what/when

  19. Primary/Specialty Care • Primary Pall Care: all clinicians • Routine communication/symptom control • Specialty Pall Care • Family meetings—esp. “difficult cases” • Complex symptom management • Time management • Support for difficult decisions

  20. 6. Move into the Continuum • Outpatient Palliative Care • Free-standing • Co-management clinics: oncology, other • Home visits • IPAL-OP www.capc.org/ipal • Long Term Care • Dedicated Pall Care staff • Geriatric NP model • Consultative external team

  21. What else is new?

  22. The Joint Commission The Joint Commission: Palliative Care Advanced Certification Program http://www.jointcommission.org/certification/palliative_care.aspx

  23. HEALTH REFORM

  24. Palliative Care is Central to the Success of Health Reform >95% of all health care spending is for the chronically ill 64% of all Medicare spending goes to the 10% of beneficiaries with 5 or more chronic conditions Despite high spending, evidence of poor quality of care

  25. Palliative Care, Health Reform and Chronic Disease Care • Health reform initiatives • Reduce readmissions • Reduce cost • Improve quality/Reduce variation • Shift chronic disease care out of the hospital • Care coordination/Bundling/ACOs Palliative Care services/outcomes are perfectly aligned with all these priorities!

  26. Payers are getting into Palliative Care

  27. What can you do? • Seek information: • What health reform initiatives are your administrators concerned about? • What committees are working on health reform topics? • Offer to participate; share information on palliative care role/impact • Mortality and readmission reduction • Cost control

  28. What can you do? • Push for collaborative initiatives • ICU/ED/Cardiology/Cancer/Hospitalists • Focus on improving generalist palliative care rather than striving for more consults • Remind everyone about the 50%! • Seek opportunities identify patients with unmet needs

  29. CONTACT ME • dweissma@mcw.edu • www.capc.org

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