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By Richie Keoghan.

Timeline!!. By Richie Keoghan. Early Explorers. (1780’s-1800’s). Perceptions of the land:

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By Richie Keoghan.

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  1. Timeline!! By Richie Keoghan.

  2. Early Explorers (1780’s-1800’s)

  3. Perceptions of the land: • Early explorers, which included the likes of Captain James Cook, John Batman and Matthew Flinders were fascinated by the new environments that they saw. They described the land as a place of magnificent coastlines, vast landscapes, unusual vegetations and exotic animals. The early explorers thought of a Australia as a dream come true. (Tricker, 2011)

  4. Interactions and Relationships with the land: • Early Explorers investigated the unique Australian landscape. They travelled long distances to record anything new such as plants and animals and then sent the information back to England. • Early Explorers used the land to find out more about this unique Australian Environment.

  5. Impacts with the land: • Early Explorers had very minimal impact with the land because they travelled in small groups and didn’t settle in one specific area. The explorers also made sure they didn’t impact the land in any way due to the lack of understanding and fascination of the unique environment. (Tricker, 2011)

  6. ‘Terra Nullius’: • The Early Explorers described the land as ‘Terra nullius’ (meaning no-mans land) because of the fact that they were unaware that the land was inhabited by Aboriginals and that they owned the land. In 1992 the high court Mabo decision which resulted in the land being returned to it’s traditional owners. (student resources on the Ning 2010)

  7. Angus McMillan • Angus McMillan was an explorer and pioneer pastoralist in Gippsland. Angus McMillan was responsible for several massacres of Indigenous Australians who resisted alienation of their land and confronted the European explorers and settlers. Massacres of the Kunai/Gunaipeople led by McMillan occurred at Nuntin, Boney Point, Butchers Creek, Maffra, Warrigal Creek, and other unspecified locations in Gippsland. McMillan saw the land as a resource to learn and explore the environment and killed the inhabitants of the land in order to gain control.

  8. Matthew Flinders: • Matthew Flinders was born in England on the 16th March 1774 to 19th July 1814. Matthew died at the young age of just 40. Matthew had always been interested in maths and navigation and was one of the most successful navigators and cartographers of his age. Matthew Flinders completed his first circumnavigation of Australia between 1801 and 1803. Matthew was always curious to travel as much as he could. Matthew saw Australia as a unique place that had so much potential. (http://www.southaustralianhistory.com.au/mflinders.htm)

  9. Timeline: In 1840 Angus McMillan led the first expedition through Gippsland. In 1770 Captain James Cook charted the east coast of Australia. Between 1801 and 1803 Matthew Flinders completed the first circumnavigation of Australia. In 1788 the first fleet of ships arrived in Sydney from England. In 1835 John Batman arrived in port Phillip Bay with the mission to acquire 250 000 hectares of land.

  10. Early Settlers (1800-1850’s)

  11. Perceptions of the land: • The Early settlers saw the environment as harsh, hostile and wild. The settlers wanted the land to be like home so they felt like they needed to tame the land and introduced European farming practices. The settlers saw the land as way to survive and make ends meet. (Tricker,2011)

  12. Interactions and Relationships with the land: • The Early Settlers tried to farm the Australian environment by using their own farming methods and introducing species that worked well in England. • The Early Settlers had very little understanding of aboriginal ways of life. The indigenous people were forced to leave or work as servants. Based on a lack of understanding of the Australian environment , the early settlers could not see the impacts they were causing on the pristine environment. (Tricker,2011)

  13. Impacts with the land: • The early settlers through their farming practices; compacted the soil, caused erosion, over grazed, caused water pollution and deep-rooted perennial grasses disappeared. • The introduction of introduced species caused competition amongst the Australian native animals and decreased there numbers. (Tricker,2011)

  14. Gold Rush (1860-1901)

  15. Perceptions of the land: • They saw the environment as a resource and was to be used to provide an opportunity to gain wealth fast. The environment was used and exploited for as much wealth as possible with very little care towards the impacts on the environment. (Tricker,2011)

  16. Interactions and Relationships with the land: • They built towns around settlements, large population increases, rail links were established, timber was in huge demand and gold was mined. • They only saw the land as a way to make money and get rich fast. (Tricker,2011)

  17. Impacts with the land: • Damaged ecosystems due to mining, land cleared for timber and infrastructure and eroded land due to mining.

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