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Sensory Dysfunctions and Motor Impairments: A Comprehensive Overview

This article provides an in-depth understanding of sensory dysfunctions and motor impairments, including afferent paresis, anosognosia, pain asymbolia, ocular apraxia, neglect syndrome, Gerstmann syndrome, apraxia, verbal apraxia, and topographical disorientation. It explores the causes, symptoms, and possible treatments for each condition, while also discussing the underlying mechanisms and why certain dysfunctions are more common in right hemisphere damage.

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Sensory Dysfunctions and Motor Impairments: A Comprehensive Overview

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  1. Afferent paresis: Difficulty executing smooth, coordinated, fine movements as a result of loss of afferent (somatosensory) feedback from the muscles engaged in the motor activity. Paresis is a condition typified by a weakness of voluntary movement, or partial loss of voluntary movement or by impaired movement. 

  2. Testing stereognosis http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6fyiGUAg2GY

  3. Testing simultaneous extinction http://neuroexam.med.utoronto.ca/sensory_7.htm

  4. A tactile analogue of blindsight

  5. Anosognosia (nosos, "disease"). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uj6ozlzA45o Pain asymbolia, also called pain dissociation, is a condition in which pain is experienced without unpleasantness.  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7OLmnNdOtDE Update: The Little Girl Who Couldn't Feel Pain | Where Are They Now? | Oprah Winfrey Network https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bRaCFUtpxFU The man who lost his body (lack of proprioception) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FKxyJfE831Q

  6. 4. Ocular apraxia; the absence of, or a defect in, the control of voluntary purposeful eye movement. Balint’s syndrome http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TVZmLtrOvTc Balint’s syndrome patient http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4odhSq46vtU

  7. Modified NIHSS – Neglect Scoring http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UKAOP85B14E Neglect patient http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ADchGO-0kGo • Why happening? • Sensation and perception (amorphosynthesis) • Attention and orientation (arousal to stimuli) Why more common in right hemisphere damage? Not compensated by left hemisphere, whereas right visual field is supported by both hemisphere?

  8. Gerstmann Syndrome – patient https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GLJdcmSIoNQ

  9. Alexia and Dyslexia; the writer who could not read https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KERQv9FIxkw

  10. Apraxia (from Greekpraxis, an act, work, or deed) is the inability to execute learned purposeful movements, despite having the desire and the physical capacity to perform the movements. 

  11. Apraxia - Patients Simple purposeful movements: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vTFdNk7JIoo Verbal apraxia: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XNB0ihI2srQ Aphasia and verbal apraxia: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kaVLy_5WhTM&t=490s

  12. Topographical Disorientation, also known as Topographical agnosia andTopographagnosia, is the inability to orient oneself in one's surroundings  Weigl Color-Form soring test https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0L7xzcvJzZc

  13. Cross-modal matching A scaling method used in psychophysics in which an observer matches the apparent intensities of stimuli across two sensory modalities, as when an observer adjusts the brightness of a light to indicate the loudness of a variable stimulus sound. Some authorities consider magnitude estimation and magnitude production to be forms of cross-modal matching in which one modality is the observer's perception of the number system. Also called cross-modality matching.

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