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Vietnam

Vietnam. Indochina. Before WWII France ruled most of Indochina After WWII France tried to reestablish control Nationalist movements had gained strength Vietnamese communist (Vietminh) Democratic Republic of Vietnam 1945 Led by Ho Chi Minh. 1946. Vietminh & France went to war

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Vietnam

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  1. Vietnam

  2. Indochina • Before WWII France ruled most of Indochina • After WWII France tried to reestablish control • Nationalist movements had gained strength • Vietnamese communist (Vietminh) • Democratic Republic of Vietnam 1945 • Led by Ho Chi Minh

  3. 1946 • Vietminh & France went to war • U.S. supported France • France was defeated in every battle • May 1954, Battle at Dien Bien Phu spelled the end for France • France left Vietnam completely

  4. Vietnam divided • France, U.S., and others met in Geneva, Switzerland to settle the Vietnam conflict • Vietnam would be divided along the 17th parallel • Communist North • Pro Western South • Until 1956 elections

  5. Ngo Dinh Diem (South leader) • Guerilla fighters, Viet Cong fought to unite under Ho Chi Minh (North leader) • 1963 South’s military staged a coup and killed Diem

  6. Vietnam War • 1963 U.S. had 16,000 advisors in Vietnam • Aug. 2, 1964 LBJ announced that North Vietnam had fired on U.S. ships • LBJ ordered air strikes • Gulf of Tonkin Resolution gave President Johnson broad war powers • March 1965 U.S. sent the first ground troops to Vietnam

  7. Vietnam War (cont) • 1968 • 500,000 U.S. forces • 800,000 South Vietnamese army • 300,000 Viet Cong & North allies • Soviets & China sent aid but no troops • Americans could not defeat the communist

  8. Tet (Vietnamese New Year) • Antiwar attitudes in U.S. and overseas • Feb. 1968, Viet Cong launch major military offensive • Military failure but spurred opposition to U.S. war policy • LBJ did not seek reelection

  9. The War Ends? • Nixon inherited LBJ’s war • Opposition to the war grew • U.S. began withdrawing troops • 1973 cease fire and the last U.S. troops left • 1975 the Viet Cong & North defeated South Vietnam

  10. Results of Vietnam War • Vietnam united under communism • 58,000 American casualties • 200,000 South Vietnamese casualties • 500,000 North Vietnamese casualties • 10 million refugees • U.S. dropped 3 times more bombs than in WWII • 5 million acres defoliated

  11. Relations with the West • Economic difficulties • 1980’s encouraged limited private enterprise • Vietnam government helped locate MIA’s • 1995 U.S. & Vietnam established diplomatic ties • Vietnam trades with the West to help their desperately poor economy

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