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Political Parties

Political Parties. How have political parties have changed over the last 100 years? What are Political Parties? What is the primary goal of political parties?. How do our parties compare with those in other democracies?. Level of Centralization In the U.S., parties are more decentralized

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Political Parties

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  1. Political Parties How have political parties have changed over the last 100 years? What are Political Parties? What is the primary goal of political parties?

  2. How do our parties compare with those in other democracies? • Level of Centralization • In the U.S., parties are more decentralized • Role of Primary Elections in Selecting Candidates • Role of Ideology • Broad-based 2 Party System versus multi-party system • Influence in the lives of citizens

  3. History of Political Parties I. 1st party system, 1800 – 1828 • Federalists vs *Anti-Federalists (Democratic-Republicans) II. 2nd party system, 1828-1860 • Whigs vs *Democrats

  4. History of Political Parties III. 3rd system, 1860-1896 • *Republicans vs Democrats • Democratic Split into Northern and Southern wings • Rise of City “Bosses” and Urban Political Machines

  5. History of Political Parties IV. 1896-1932 • Rise of Progressive Party • Progressive Party Aligns with Republicans V. 1932 – 1968 • Democrats versus Republicans, with Democrats dominating  • Role of the Great Depression

  6. Party Realignments • A major shift from one party to another • Generally tend to happen around a single issue or a set of issue that divides the electorate • Tend to occur during times of major social or economic upheaval

  7. Party Realignments • Characteristics of a realignment: • one party must become the “dominant” party in the political system; • To be dominant means to control the Presidency, Congress and many of the state legislatures. • Examples of a Realignment

  8. Party Realignments • What has happened since 1968? • Split-Level Realignment? • Republican President • Democratic Congress • De-alignment? • Declining support for all parties

  9. Why do we have a 2 Party System? • I. The use of single-member districts and the absence of proportional representation • II. Federal and State election laws • III. Parties try to accommodate “factions” before they split off.

  10. Political Parties • Strong Parties versus Weak Parties • Characteristics of a Weak Party System • Candidate-Centered Campaigns • Split-Ticket Voting • Rise of the Independent Voter

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