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AN OVERVIEW OF LITHUANIAN AGRICULTURE

AN OVERVIEW OF LITHUANIAN AGRICULTURE. The structure of farmers. End of the 19th century – beginning of the 20th century 75 % of the population – peasants. They possessed 50 % of the land 4 % of the population – landlords. They owned 36 % of the land.

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AN OVERVIEW OF LITHUANIAN AGRICULTURE

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  1. AN OVERVIEW OF LITHUANIAN AGRICULTURE

  2. The structure of farmers End of the 19th century – beginning of the 20th century 75 % of the population – peasants. They possessed 50 % of the land 4 % of the population – landlords. They owned 36 % of the land. Merchant, craftsmen and the church owned 14 % of the land. 1/3 of the peasants were landless or had very small holdings.

  3. The structure of farmers 1918-1939 The land of landlords was expropriated leaving them only at 80-150 ha 720 thous. ha of expropriated land was divided among 100 thous. of the landless They had to redeem the land in 36 years.

  4. The structure of farmers 1940-1989 In 1941 the first „kolchoz“ appeared In 1941 started mass deportations (on 14 June were deported 1600 farmers) At that time there were 390 thous. farmers (average holding 8,5 ha) In 1951 there were 3000 collective farms (their aver. area -1340 ha), in 1960 – 1900 collective farms (their aver. area -1990 ha) In 1989 – 830 collective farms (their aver. area -3930 ha) Collective farmers owned up to 0,6 ha

  5. The structure of farmers Since 1990 In 1993 there were 6000 agricultural companies500 thous. farmers. In 2000 - 2300 agricultural companies 400 thous. farmers

  6. The structure of agricultural land The area of agricultural land – 4 mill. ha (61 %) The area of agricultural crops– 3,4 mill. ha(53 %) Including arable land – 2,9 mill. ha (85 % of the country‘s territory) Meadows, pastureland – 0,45 mill. ha (13,5 % from the crops area) Gardens – 0,04 mill. ha (1,3 % from the crops area)

  7. Land quality classification started in 1926

  8. Changes in crop areas, thous. ha

  9. Crop yield t/ha

  10. Stockbreeding production thous. t

  11. The structure of vegetables Year 1935 Cabbage - 37 % Beans - 17 % Beetroots - 16 % Carrots - 14 % Onions - 10 %

  12. The structure of vegetables Year 1980 Cabbbage - 25 % Green peas - 18 % Carrots - 16 % Beetroots - 15 % Cucumbers - 10 % Onions - 4 %

  13. The structure of fruit trees Year 1930 Apple trees - 42 % Cherry trees - 36 % Pear treesd - 11 % Plum trees - 11 %

  14. The structure of fruit trees At present Gardens occupy 38 thous. ha They produce 1 % of agricultural production. Prevail apple trees. 80 % of berry production comprise currents and strawberries

  15. Amelioration (applying drainage) thous. ha In 1925 - 0,1 In 1930 - 1,2 In 1935 - 5,7 In 1940 - 4,9 In 1950 - 0,9 In 1960 - 156 In 1980 - 490 In 1990 - 180

  16. Mechanization in agricultural sector Up to the middle of the 20th century - horses In 1920 tractors started to be used

  17. Number of tractors in agricultural sector In 1945 - 340 In 1950 - 3250 In 1955 - 8600 In 1990 - 73000 In 2002 - 111000

  18. Significance of agricultural sector in the economy of the country Year 2003 GDP - 56 mlrd. Lt Share of agricultural production within GDP - 4,1 mlrd. Lt (7,3 %)

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