Unit 1: Substance and Drug Abuse

1. Unit 1:Substance and Drug Abuse

2. Substance Abuse Section 1:Alcohol

3. BEFORE WE STARTPlease DO NOT DRINK UNLESS you are over the Age of 21

4. Alcohol?!What is it? • Sadly, drugs are a part of everyday life in today’s society. • Alcohol is a drug that acts as a powerful depressant. • Depressant: A drug that slows the activity of the body’s central nervous system. • Some examples of drinks that have alcohol are beer, wine and liquor, all of which slow down your body’s normal reactions. • Some people like this feeling and use it as an escape from their problems or issues.

5. Do all Alcoholic Drinks Have the Same Affects? • No actually, as some drinks have different percentages of alcohol in them. • Some beers have higher alcohol percentages than other beers. The same goes of liquors and wines. • Depending on the drink, and how much you consume can affect you (and others) in many ways.

6. What Are Some Issues of Having Too Much Alcohol? 1.) Poor Motor Skills or Coordination 2.) Difficulty Seeing or Blurred Vision 3.) Poor Decision Making 4.) Confusion

7. Lets Talk What are some Other Issues?

8. What Would You Do? • Directions: Pretend that you are at work. You see that one of your coworkers seems to be drunk. They say they are fine, but they smell of alcohol. What should you do in this scenario? How can you tell they are drunk? Use the lines on your notes how you would address this issue.

9. Prediction Time: Working with the partner next to you, in the space provided on your notes, write: • One Short-Term effect of alcoholism • One Long-Term effect of alcoholism We will discuss after! Health and Long-Term Effects of Alcoholism

10. Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC): Measures the number of milligrams of ethanol per 100 milliliters of blood. • Factors that effects a person’s BAC • Weight and height • Age • Food in the stomach • Rate of alcohol consumption • Gender • Drinking too much will cause a hangover and long/short terms health effects. Blood Alcohol Concentration

11. Short Term Effects Life Threating • Motor-Vehicle Crashes: Using a car while their BAC is at an unsafe level • Synergism: Increase of the effects of drugs taken with alcohol. • Overdose: Severe intoxication causes the heart and breathing to stop. Physical Brain is affected through blackouts. Liver can be overworked Kidneys produces more urine and loss of water in it.

12. Long-Term Effects • Liver Damage: Alcohol interferes with the liver’s ability to break down fats. This is Cirrhosis, scar tissue is not replaced fast enough in the body, due to lack of blood flow, which can result in death and liver failure. • Brain Damage: Destroys nerve cells. Once gone, they do not come back! • Digestive Problems: On going drinking irritates the mouth, throat and stomach. Increase risk of these cancers.

13. Independent Practice Time Graphic Organizer Using your notes and the person sitting next to you, Write down the description of each of the short- term and long-term. Describe how you would avoid the life-threating issues.

14. Practice:Today in class, we will be wearing drunk goggles simulator. We will try to pass a sobriety test with them on!But first, we will watch a video on how a test is done

15. Reflection Using the paper that was provided for you. Reflect about your experience wearing the goggles. • Was it difficult to walk in them? • What was the most difficult part of the test? • How did it feel to take the sobriety test with them? • Explain what you learned about the impact of alcohol on your body.

16. Drinking and Driving • As we have discussed, there will always be people who drink and drive. • How can you help prevent a co-worker, friend or even family member from drunk driving? • State two ways you think you could help prevent them from driving!

17. You should never get into a car with anyone who has been drinking! • You can always make an arrangement to have someone DD (Designated Driver). • Call an Uber or Lyft • If none of those options are available, do not risk it, call the police. What Can YOU Do?!

18. Staying Away From Alcohol • You may be in a scenario where alcohol is available to you or are peer pressured into drinking. What should you do? • You can always refuse alcohol. Just say “No thank you,” or “I don’t like the taste of alcohol.” • Find other alternatives to alcohol, such as sports, video games, drawing, or play an instrument.

19. Say No Poster Activity Directions: As we have learned over the last two weeks, drinking can be dangerous if handled irresponsibly or if too much is consumed. For this project, I would like for you create a poster about drinking and driving, or promoting alcohol awareness. BE CREATIVE!! Due: Next Class

22. Substance AbuseSection 2:Tobacco

23. What Exactly is Tobacco? • Before we start, lets watch a video of how tobacco products are advertised. • Tobacco is a crop/plant stimulant that speeds up your nervous system, heart and other organs. • Now think, where is tobacco used? State two products that you know of that contain tobacco within it. • Cigarettes • Chew • Cigars or Pipes

24. What Are The Effects of Tobacco? • Effects of Tobacco Abuse: • Bad Breath and Odor • Teeth and Gum Decay • Impaired Sense of Smell and Taste • Various Cancers and Respiratory Issues • What are some cancers that could develop? Write them down in the space below

25. Ammonia – a common household cleaner • Arsenic – used in rat poison • Benzene – found in rubber cement • Butane – used in lighter fluid • Cadmium – active component in battery acid • Carbon Monoxide – released in car exhaust fumes • Hexamine – found in barbecue lighter fluid • Lead – used in batteries • Methanol – a main component in rocket fuel • Nicotine – used as insecticide • Tar – material for paving roads • Toluene - used to manufacture paint List of Chemicals Found in Cigarettes and Tobacco Products

26. We are going to read an article about how tobacco companies try sell and advertise their products and get both adults and teen to buy them. As We Read: • We will answer questions about how they sell their product. • Highlight and annotate. • How much exactly do the companies spend? • Does placement matter and why? Let’s Read!

27. How Companies Control Where You See Tobacco Products Tobacco companies spent over $8.47 billion on marketing in retail establishments, also called point-of-sale marketing, in 2015. There’s a reason why 93 percent of tobacco displays and 85 percent of tobacco shelving units are in the counter zone of retail establishments — in most stores, the cashier counter is the best place to encourage impulse purchases. Tobacco companies pay retailers to place their products and other items, such as branded signs, displays and shelving units, in highly visible locations around checkout counters, and in other easy-to-see spaces in retail environments. The tobacco industry spent almost $646 million of its over $8.9 billion marketing budget on these types of financial incentives to wholesalers and retailers in 2015, a sum that also includes money for volume discounts and free products retailers can later sell to consumers. The placement of tobacco products and ads can affect smoking behaviors in several ways. For example, one study used a virtual convenience store to create two scenarios: one with a tobacco product display fully visible and another with the display enclosed behind a cabinet. Recent quitters and current smokers who experienced the enclosed display had lower urges to smoke and were less likely to buy cigarettes, compared with those who experienced the fully visible display. The placement of tobacco marketing items also affects young people. Many tobacco products come in youth-appealing flavors and may be placed on countertops, three feet from the floor and within a foot of candy — all tactics that increase access and exposure to youth and young children. It’s not just tobacco products being placed at the eye level of young children — about one-third of retail tobacco outlets also have tobacco ads at low heights. In one California study, almost half of these stores had at least one cigarette marketing item at, or below, three feet from the floor, almost 25 percent had cigarette displays next to candy and 85 percent had tobacco marketing materials within four feet of the counter. Youth who are frequently exposed to point-of-sale tobacco marketing are twice as likely to try smoking as those who are not as frequently exposed. In fact, about one-third of teenage experimentation with smoking can be directly attributed to tobacco marketing in retail environments.

28. Directions: Pretend that you are a part of an anti-tobacco company. Using the graphic organizer below create a plan to advertise against the tobacco companies to inform the public of How tobacco is advertised by companies State the amount of money used by the companies to sell tobacco Health effects of tobacco Chemicals in tobacco Remember to include details from the reading and your notes to support your plan of action to stop people from using or buying tobacco products. Scenario Practice Time!

29. What Tobacco Abuse Can Do To Your Body • Besides cancer, do we know what the health effects are of tobacco are? • Use the lines on your entry ticket to make a prediction on some health effects. • Take a minute to complete the entry ticket. After we will discuss

30. Long-Term Health Effects of Tobacco Abuse • Cardiovascular Diseases, which weaken the heart and increase blood vessel size, causing increased blood pressure. • Smokers are 5 to 10 times more likely to die from a heart attack and 3 times more to suffer one. • Tobacco chemicals force the heart to work harder to deliver less oxygen to the body. • Nicotine has shown to build up fatty material on the walls of blood vessels.

31. Respiratory Diseases • Chromic bronchitis develops, which is the bronchial tubes in your lungs become swollen and clogged with mucus. • Smokers become easily winded from any activity, even walking up the stairs. • Emphysema: Breathing disorder in which small air sacs in the lungs lose their ability to expand and contact, causing short breathiness. • These damages cannot be reversed in anyway.

32. Tobacco smoke also increases a baby’s heart rate, cell growth and overall development. • Higher rate of premature birth or miscarriage. • Nicotine addiction can pass to the baby through breastfeeding. • Immune system is weaker than normal. • Stomach and digestive problems (ulcers). • Teeth are damaged from the chemicals • Skin age increases • Second hand smoke Pregnancy and Other Physical Effects

33. So, What Happens When You Stop Smoking?! You would be surprised on how fast your body reacts once you have stopped smoking Watch in this video

34. Directions: Over the last two weeks, we have learned and discussed about the various health effects that alcohol and tobacco products have on your body if you abuse them. Using your notes from today’s lesson and over the past few weeks, compare and contrast the health effects of alcohol and tobacco. We will work on some of it together, before I let you work on your own. This assignment is due at the end of class, so I want your best and most honest work. Compare and Contrast

35. Substance AbuseSection 3:Drug Abuse

36. Legal and Illegal Drugs

37. Prediction Time • Today, we are going to talk about legal and illegal drugs. • Before that though, tell me what the difference is between a legal and illegal drug? • What makes them legal or illegal? • Take the next three minutes to use the lines on your notes to discuss this and make a prediction.

38. Medicines: Help your body fight injury, illness and disease. • Two types of Medicines: • Prescription Drugs-obtained through a written prescription by a doctor or physician. Bought at a pharmacy. • Over-The-Counter-Drugs-Purchased at pharmacies and other stores right from the shelf. Examples of Legal Drugs

39. Comparison Prescription Drugs • Used to help service illness or pain after being diagnosed by a doctor. • Physician determines how much to give you with directions. • Taking someone else's prescripted drugs is dangerous and illegal. Over-The-Counter-Drugs Common medicine Pain relievers, cold or cough remedies and sleep aids Following the directions on the label is important Examples: Aspirin, Tylenol or Nyquil

40. What are Illegal Drugs? • Illegal Drugs: Unlawful chemicals that are dangerous and have unpredictable effects on the human body, all of which outweigh their purposes. • Psychoactive Drugs: Chemicals that affect the activity of brain cells to alter perception, thought and mood. • Drug Abuse occurs when people intentionally misuse any kind of drug for nonmedical purposes.

41. Dangers of Drug Abuse Side Effects Addiction/Withdrawal Effects on Family and Friends Legal Risks

42. Directions: Using our notes from today, compare and contrast the differences between Legal and Illegal Drugs. Provide three examples of each and. Make sure to provide details to support your answers. We will do one together. Compare and contrast

43. Psychoactive Drugs

44. What is this cartoon trying to tell us?Take a couple minutes to use the lines on your paper to tell us what it means. Why would the author make this cartoon?

45. As stated last class and earlier, Psychoactive drugs changes the brains activity to alter thought, mood, perception and mind of the user • These include: • Stimulants • Depressants • Hallucinogens • Inhalants • Chemical Compounds (Marijuana) What are Psychoactive Drugs?

46. Depressants: Slows brain and body reactions, including heart and breathing rates. • Used to relieve stress and pain, and to help with sleep disturbances. • Includes, Alcohol, Tranquilizers and Narcotics (opium, codeine, heroin, morphine) • Stimulants: Speeds up activities of the central nervous system • Treats sleep disorders and behavioral disorders when prescribed by a physician • Includes, Cocaine/Crack, Amphetamines Types of Psychoactive Drugs

47. Hallucinogens: Alter perception, thought and mood • Have no medical use or purpose and can cause frightening and unpredictable mood swings • Includes LSD, PCP and Psilocybin Mushrooms • Inhalants: use through breathing in the nose to produce desired effects • Effect the body quickly as they are carried to the lungs and brain quickly. • Includes Paint Thinners, cleaning fluids polish removers or any dangerous chemical fumes. Types of Psychoactive Drugs

48. Today, we learned about various drugs that affect the body in many different ways. For the rest of class, you are going to create a cartoon that shows the right way to avoid drugs and what other hobbies or activities you can do instead. Be creative with this assignment and show how you character doesn’t use drugs and what opportunities they may have now (think back to the cartoon at the start of class.) Your cartoon should have 3-4 sections/slides At least one drug they refuse and why (state the negative effects) What did your character do instead of experiencing drug abuse? Be creative and make is colorful! Cartoon Activity

49. Marijuana

50. Thinking back to last class, we made the marijuana health effects organizer. Recall and answer the following two questions about the effects. • State one mental effect marijuana can cause. A: Hallucinations, Paranoia and/or Memory issues • Describe what exactly marijuana is. A: Dried leaves, flowers, stems, and seeds from the Cannabis sativa or Cannabis indica plan. A chemical Compound drug. Entry Questions