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Plant Reproduction: Seed Plants

Plant Reproduction: Seed Plants. Seed Plants. Seed plants reproduce sexually Fertilization from male and female sex cells Two types: Gymnosperms E.g. Pine trees with cones Angiosperms E.g. Most have flowers. Gymnosperms. Means ‘naked seed’ = needs the cone to protect it!

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Plant Reproduction: Seed Plants

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  1. Plant Reproduction: Seed Plants

  2. Seed Plants • Seed plants reproduce sexually • Fertilization from male and female sex cells • Two types: • Gymnosperms • E.g. Pine trees with cones • Angiosperms • E.g. Most have flowers

  3. Gymnosperms • Means ‘naked seed’ = needs the cone to protect it! • Cones are the reproductive structures on gymnosperms and each species has a different type of cone • Male and female cones are produced on the same plant: • Female cones have ovules, which contain the egg cells • Male cones develop pollen grains, which contain sperm cells

  4. Gymnosperms continued… • Male cones release a cloud of pollen • Wind usually carries the pollen to the female cone • The pollen is trapped by a sticky substance and develops into a pollen tube • Grows towards the ovule and sperm can fertilize the egg cell • Can take 15 months!

  5. Gymnosperms…there’s more! • After fertilization, an embryo forms and develops into a seed • When female pine cones mature, they open and release their seeds • These can be carried away, or are eaten or buried by animals • Buried seeds may grow into new pine trees!

  6. Angiosperms • All produce flowers • Can be brightly colored or have a nice smell to attract animals • Animals like birds (hummingbirds) or insects (bees) can help spread pollen to other flowers • When pollen from the stamen lands on the stigma, this is called pollination • The same process occurs in gymnosperms, where a pollen tube grows into the ovule and eventually a seed will develop)

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