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Group Contingencies

Group Contingencies. GROUP ORIENTED BEHAVIOR MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS A group contingency is when the reinforcer or loss of it is contingent upon one member of a group, a segment of the group, or the group as a whole.

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Group Contingencies

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  1. Group Contingencies

  2. GROUP ORIENTED BEHAVIOR MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS A group contingency is when the reinforcer or loss of it is contingent upon one member of a group, a segment of the group, or the group as a whole. Can capitalize on “team”, “peer”, or grouppressure to perform. It can promote positive social behavior among a group of students, peer tutoring, or frustration. The need for the teacher or coach to make the contingency reasonable is of utmost importance. When an individual earns the reinforcer, the contingency is called the hero procedure.

  3. Independent: (One for one) • Standard of performance is set for the entire group. Whoever achieves the standard, receives reinforcement. • The reinforcement is contingent upon achieving the standard. • Examples • Positives/Negatives • Cautions

  4. Dependent: (One for all) • Standard of performance is set for one member of the group or small portion of the group. If achieved, all members receive reinforcement. The reinforcement for the entire group is contingent upon one individual or a small group within the group having achieved the standard of performance. • Examples • Positives/Negatives • Cautions

  5. Interdependent: (All or none) • The standard of performance is set for each member of the group (each member has their own standard) or for the entire group (everyone has the same standard). If the standard is achieved, ALL members receive reinforcement. If ONE member does not achieve the standard, NO ONE receives the reinforcement. • The reinforcement for the ENTIRE group is contingent upon each person’s performance. • Examples • Positives/Negatives • Cautions • Variations: group averaging

  6. Good Behavior Game… • Good Fitness Game…… • Good Whatever Game…. • Teams are given reinforcement if they have the fewest (or greatest depending upon the behavior) or a team may be given the reinforcement if they achieve the standard, regardless of the competition between the groups. This encourages within group cooperation. • Examples • Positives/Negatives • Cautions

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