Ed Levine NOAA SSC USCG Battery Park Bldg. 1 South Street Room 329 New York, NY 10004 212-668-6428 ed.levine@noaa.gov

1. Ed Levine NOAA SSC USCG Battery Park Bldg. 1 South Street Room 329 New York, NY 10004 212-668-6428 ed.levine@noaa.gov

2. Radiological Monitoring Strategies for Off-Site Consequence Monitoring of Radiation Incidents SMART - RAD

4. CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION A. Overall SMART Radiation Incident Monitoring Mission B. General Information on SMART Modules C. Organization

5. Develop a common framework for standardized monitoring to serve as guidance for federal, state and local monitoring efforts during events. • 2003 - Multi-agency workgroup – post Palermo Senator & 9-11 • The focus is radiological environmental monitoring considerations for the first few days (up to 100 hours) of a radiological incident. • Does not address: environmental monitoring of groundwater impacts, cleanup standards, monitoring of individual members of the public for radiological contamination, decontamination, nor health and safety protocol for emergency responders. • SMART established a monitoring system for rapid collection and reporting of real-time, scientifically based information, in order to assist the Unified Command with decision-making.

6. CONTENTS II. INITIATING CONDITIONS FOR OFF-SITE CONSEQUENCE MONITORING A. Overview B. Detection Events And Circumstances 1. General Considerations 2. Events During the Awareness Phase 3. Events and Circumstances During the Prevention Phase C. Initiating Events And Circumstances 1. General Considerations 2. Non-Initiating Events 3. Initiating Events D. Event Terminology

7. For the purposes of this document, the initiating condition is an event (detection or occurrence of a release) or circumstance (information/intelligence) leading to agreement that there is a credible potential for a release of radioactive materials to the environment that warrants consideration of offsite impacts. • Once the initiating event (or chain of events) has occurred, the decisions must be made (1) what to monitor,(2) where to monitor, (3) when to monitor and (4) how to monitor.

8. EVENT (detection, intelligence or threat) VALIDATION (was this information verified?) CONSULTATION Local, State, Federal, or Other Input Are Off-site Consequences Likely? NO YES Off-site Monitoring or Other Actions? TERMINATE INVESTIGATION OFFSITE MONITORING OTHER ACTIONS

9. CONTENTS • ICS FOR SMART-RAD RESPONSE A. Overview B. SMART-RAD As Part Of The ICS Organization C. Information Flow And Data Handling D. Incident Command Structure For Radiological Monitoring E. Description Of Position Responsibilities 1. Operations Section 2. Planning Section

10. SMART-RAD activities are directed by the Operations Section Chief in the ICS. A Branch should be formed in the Operations Section to direct the monitoring effort. • Communication of monitoring results should flow from the field Team Leader to the Radiological Technical Evaluation Unit who can interpret the results and use the data. • The operational control of the monitoring groups remains with the Operations Section Chief, but the reporting of the information is to the Radiological Technical Evaluation Unit in the Planning Section.

12. CONTENTS • IV. MONITORING PRIORITIES A.Overview B. Monitoring Strategy C. Deployment Considerations

13. In order of priority, the following information is needed: • Identify areas that have significantly increased radiation levels that will likely result in doses exceeding the EPA protective action guides (PAGs) of 1-5 rem total effective dose equivalent.   • Identify areas of significant radionuclide deposition in order to control spread of contamination. • Identify areas with above background radiation levels in order to define the maximum geographical extent of the problem. • Obtain measurements and samples in background or upwind locations for comparison to measurements and samples collected in the downwind, impacted areas. • Obtain information/measurements to verify areas with high population densities or sensitive populations that are believed to have not been impacted.

14. CONTENTS • V. DIRECT RADIATION MONITORING A. Overview B. Monitoring Procedures 1. General Considerations 2. Field Instruments 3. Aerial Radiological Surveys 4. Fixed Facility Radiation Monitors 5. Thermoluminescent Dosimeters

15. CONTENTS VI. INDIRECT MONITORING AND SAMPLING A. Air Monitoring And Sampling 1. Monitoring/Sampling Procedures a. Grab Air Samples b. Continuous Air Sampling i. Radiological Air Monitoring/Sampling Stations ii. Non-Radiological Air Monitoring/ Sampling Stations iii. Deployable Radiological Air SamplingUnits

16. CONTENTS B. Surface Monitoring And Sampling 1. Measurement/Sampling Procedures a. Surface Activity Measurements b. Removable Activity Monitoring and Smear Samples C. Environmental Samples 1. Sampling Procedure D. Water Monitoring And Sampling 1. Sampling Procedure

17. The appendices provide information on: - Who to contact. - What radiological emergency monitoring and laboratory assets are available in the region. - Generic forms that would be used by the Federal Radiological Monitoring and Assessment Center (FRMAC). - These forms provide a common basis to report data and information to one recording entity from which data would be evaluated and provided to decision makers, regardless of FRMAC participation in the incident response.

18. APPENDICES: SMART RESOURCES A. Acronyms B. Matrix for Identifying Agency Resources for a Unified Response in the NY-NJ Metropolitan Area C. Designated Lead Federal Responding Agency for Specific Radiological Emergencies • Federal Radiological Emergency Response Monitoring Assets • State, County, and Municipal Radiological Monitoring Assets

19. APPENDICES: SMART RESOURCES  F. Environmental Radiological Air Monitoring Stations in New York and New Jersey G. Environmental Non-Radiological Air Monitoring Stations in New York and New Jersey H. FRMAC Checklists I. FRMAC Reporting Forms J. Laboratories for Radioanalysis of Environmental Samples

20. Questions?