Geothermal Potential in Europe

1. Geothermal Potential in Europe ...as seen by us in Enex, by:Lárus Elíasson, CEO....

2. Enex • Owned by GGE and REI • Active in: • Germany, Wolfratshausen/Munchen • Hungary • Slovakia • ... • USALos Angeles • ChinaBeijing

3. Geothermal is: • Stable • Secure • Base load • Infrastructure • Economical size of source is depend on the energy price

4. Geothermal can serve: • 1,2% of EU-27 total energy consumption • 1% from EU-27 power consumption • 1,5% of EU/EEA-33 total energy consumption • 2,7% of EU/EEA-33 power consumption

5. Depending on energy prices • Energy cost related to Gas and Oil • Oil currently $100/barrel crude • Higher energy prices will stimulate both direct use and power generation • Relationship likely power of 2

6. Direct use • Critical factor is distance from user to source • Geothermal as base load, peak with fossil or biomass • Very stable and secure once installed • Banelogy and other uses also considered but mainly district heating

7. Renewable rank: • Hydro large scale • Wind onshore • Wind offshore • Biomass • (Hydro)Geothermal • Biogas • Biowaste • Small scale hydro • Solar • Tidal etc.

8. Most impactMWel • Iceland 3.000 • Italy 1.000 • Turkey 740 • Greece 450 • Hungary 380 • Germany 200 • Portugal 200 • Portugal 200 • Bulgaria 200

9. Most impactTWh • Germany 40 • Poland 35 • Iceland 25 • Turkey 25 • Slovakia 15 • Hungary 15 • Austria 8 • Rumania 8 • Netherlands 8

10. afr • asdgf

11. Most impact% of total energy • Iceland >50% • Hungary 10% • Slovakia 7% • Rumania 6% • Poland 5% • Bulgaria 5% • Turkey 5% • Slovenia 4% • Greece 3% • Austria 3% • Germany 2%

12. asfd • asd well

13. Data • From various published sources plus our own research • These are preliminary results • Our study to be published this summer most likely at the EGC 2008 conference

14. Assumptions • Only hydrothermal included • Hot dry rock or enhanced geothermic utilization not included. • Heat pumps not included THANK YOU!