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In 100 years, the art world went from here…. “The Swing”, Jean-Honoré Fragonard (1767). …to here. “The Absinthe Drinkers”, Edgar Degas (1876). How’d they do that?. Romanticism. Let’s back up minute…. Before this:. And this:. And this:. Came Mannerism… (approx. 1520-1580).
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In 100 years, the art world went from here… “The Swing”, Jean-Honoré Fragonard (1767)
…to here. “The Absinthe Drinkers”, Edgar Degas (1876)
How’d they do that? Romanticism
Let’s back up minute… Before this: And this: And this:
Came Mannerism…(approx. 1520-1580) • A period of tremendous technical accomplishment but of formulaic, theatrical and overly stylized work. • Mannerist Art is characterized by • a complex composition • muscular and elongated figures in complex poses “Madonna and Child with Saints” by Pontormo, 1518
Then, more importantly, the Baroque Movement B ( Approx. 1580-1700) Associated with the Catholic Counter-Reformation, characteristics of Baroque art include “overt rhetoric and dynamic movement.” designed to : “express the self-confidence and proselytizing spirit of the reinvigorated Catholic Church.” “The Incredulity of Saint Thomas” by Caravaggio (1602)
Baroque Art:Peter Paul Rubens The Prophet Elijah Receiving Bread and Water from an Angel1625-28 The Union of Earth and Waterc. 1618
Baroque Art:Michelangelo Caravaggio • The Inspiration of Saint Matthew1602 The Crucifixion of Saint Peter, 1600-01
Baroque Art:Diego Velásquez • Joseph's Bloody Coat Brought to Jacob1630
Eventually, however, the rigidity and technical perfection of Baroque art evolved into a more extravagant style called Rococo (and, later, Neoclassicism).
Rococo art: (approx 1700-1785) seen as both the climax and fall of Baroque, this style is “the visual representation of the optimism people felt in response to [the Enlightenment].” • Characteristics: • pastel colors • gracefully delicate curving forms • fanciful figures • a lighthearted mood (visually and physically). The Toilette of Venus, François Boucher
Finally… Romanticism rose as a response to the disillusionment with the Enlightenment values of reason and order in the aftermath of the French Revolution of 1789. “Liberty Leading the People”, Delacroix
Romanticism Nature — with its uncontrollable power, unpredictability, and potential for cataclysmic extremes, nature offered an alternative to the ordered world of Enlightenment thought. Arab Horseman Attacked by a Lion1849-50, Delacroix
Romanticism Rom Nature (cont’d) — The violent and terrifying images of nature conjured by Romantic artists recall the eighteenth-century aesthetic of the Sublime. Arabian Horses Fighting in a Stable 1860, Delacroix
Romanticism In French and British painting of the period, Romanticists rely on recurring images of shipwrecks and other representations of man's struggle against the awesome power of nature. A Shipwreck by Claude-Joseph Vernet
Romanticism Scenes of shipwrecks, which were particularly popular, culminated in 1819 with Théodore Gericault's strikingly original Raft of the Medusa.
The Slave Ship Turner