Thur sday , January 23 rd

1. Thursday, January 23rd Bell-Ringer: Please pick up the two handouts on the front table. Take the first 10 minutes of class to complete the When and Where Quiz silently on your own. When you finish, take a few minutes to look over the Change Analysis Chart.

2. Daily Agenda: • Bell-Ringer: When/Where Quiz • Word of the Day  asymptote • Collaboration: Essential Question Review • Clicker Review • Review Game Essential Question: What characteristics define human life in the Neolithic and Bronze Eras? Homework: Study for Unit 1 Test!

3. Asymptote – a straight line that is the limiting value of a curve; can be considered as tangent at infinity(Pronunciation for Word) Given the equation y=, two different asymptotes are formed due to values that x and y can never be equivalent to. First, you can never divide a quantity by zero. Therefore, x≠0 anywhere on the graph and a vertical asymptote will be formed at x=0. Since there is not a value for x that would make the y quantity equal 0, a horizontal asymptote is formed where y=0. (Read-Aloud) Thursday January 23rd Block 1

4. Wednesday, August 24th– 2ndBlock • Oxymoron – noun. Contradictory terms, appearing side by side, use for rhetorical effect • What is another word for oxymoron (synonym)? • Opposites, contradiction, contrast • What word means the opposite of oxymoron (antonym)? • Synonym, similar

5. Essential Question Review Working in groups of 4, research and answer your assigned essential question on the white board provided. Be prepared to explain your response to the class as a group. (Note: Make sure everyone in your group can explain the answer… I will be calling on group members to answer the question)

6. Assigned Questions: • How was the Neolithic Revolution a turning point or hallmark event in human history? • Why did some peoples choose to remain pastoralists/foragers even after the Neolithic Revolution? • Where did the earliest civilizations form and why? • What different forms of rule did the earliest civilizations use to keep order? • What factors helped determine the social structures of various early civilizations? • Explain the interconnection between geography and religion in two early civilizations. • Was there gender equality in early societies? If not, what prevented it?

7. 1. How was the Neolithic Revolution a turning point or hallmark event in human history? • Sedentary Lifestyle • Allowed for surpluses • Changed gender roles • Allowed for specialization of labor • Created a need for more advanced government • Humans took control of their environment

8. 2. Why did some peoples choose to remain pastoralists/foragers even after the Neolithic Revolution? • Geographic limitations • Poor climate for agriculture • Inadequate irrigation • Lack of staple crops / Drought • Cultural connections to previous lifestyle • Competition for resources

9. 3. Where did the earliest civilizations form and why? • River Valleys • Nile • Tigris / Euphrates • Indus • Huang He / Yangtze • Rivers provided irrigation, drinking water, and transportation • Why not other rivers?

10. 4. What different forms of rule did the earliest civilizations use to keep order? • Egypt  Divine rule; pharaoh = god; bureaucracy • Mesopotamia  Lugals = “Big Men;” strong armies (Assyrians); use of priests • India  Samsara and caste system (social institutions) • China  Mandate of Heaven (Divine Right); Confucian beliefs (Social Roles)

11. 5. What factors helped determine the social structures of various early civilizations? • Free vs. Slave (Mesopotamia especially) • Land ownership (China) • Occupation • India • Mesopotamia • Egypt • Gender

12. 6. Explain the interconnection between geography and religion in two early civilizations. • Egypt  Gods controlled environment beneficial flooding = nice gods; unified religion due to geographic isolation • Mesopotamia  Violent floods = Angry, vengeful gods; introduction of new religions due to geographic “openness” • China  Mandate of Heaven illustrated by natural disasters

13. 7. Was there gender equality in early societies? If not, what prevented it? • All Neolithic societies  women no longer play as much of a role in food acquisition • China  Confucianism held women in lower status than any male • India  Aryan beliefs made women the equivalent to lowest caste; sati • Egypt  Limited protections and rights for women, but not equivalent of men (few female leaders) • Mesopotamia  No female “Lugals” = no legal equality for women

14. Clicker Review Let’s see what you’ve retained from Unit 1…

15. Most scholars believe that, during the Paleolithic age, social organization was characterized by • a relative social equality. • a ruling priestly class. • a dominant class based on the private ownership of land. • a ruling merchant class. 0 of 30

16. The Chinese concept “Mandate of Heaven” was sometimes used to justify • Reincarnation. • Rebellion. • Matriarchy. • All of the above. 0 of 30

17. With the development of languages, human beings were able to • produce long cutting edges. • accumulate knowledge and transmit it to new generations. • begin to fashion sharp tools from animal bones. • devise means for catching fish from deep waters. 0 of 30

18. A characteristic that the Shang Chinese shared with the Egyptian civilization was the • Principle of the Mandate of Heaven. • Lack of a social hierarchy. • Development of a writing system. • Ancestor worship. 0 of 30

19. Evidence shows that the Mesopotamians • traded extensively with peoples as far away as Anatolia, Egypt, and India. • lived an isolated existence and did not trade. • traded exclusively with the Egyptians. • traded extensively until the time of the Assyrians, when trade dropped to nothing. 0 of 30

20. Participant Scores

21. The food supply of early farmers, compared to that of hunting-gathering peoples • Required less time to obtain. • Required less labor to obtain. • Was not as certain or secure. • Was less varied and nutritious. 0 of 30

22. Which statement about Harappan society is FALSE? • Most of their houses featured private showers and toilets. • They traded extensively with the Mesopotamians. • They had social distinctions. • Their writings have provided a wealth of information for historians. 0 of 30

23. What traits do humans possess that distinguish them from other primates? • Bipedalism, large brain, lower larynx capable of complex speech • Bipedalism, inability to breed in all seasons, prehensile tale • Large brain, ability to form social groupings, live birth of young • Lower larynx capable of speech, live birth of young, large brain 0 of 30

24. Which of the following illustrates the influence of geography on early river valley civilizations? • The annual, predictable flooding of the Nile River led Egyptians to believe their gods were benevolent and kind. • The major cities of the Indus Valley were left deserted after the drying up of the Hakra River. • Protected by deserts and large bodies of water, Egyptian civilization developed hereditary monarchies as rulers were rarely forced to defend or justify their authority. • All of the above. 0 of 30

25. The growth of settled agricultural communities resulted in • Increasing nutrition and health. • Dependence on wildlife for survival. • Constant warfare with hunter-gatherers. • Trade and craft specialization. 0 of 30

26. Participant Scores

27. For the Remainder of Class: Fill-in your Unit 1 Test Review Sheet 2. Review using resources on the class wiki.