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What is Government?

What is Government?. What is Government?. Purpose Enforce Public Policies (what are they?) Security v. Freedom Characteristics 3 Branches Legislative Executive Judicial Most bound by a constitution. State. What is a state?

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What is Government?

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  1. What is Government?

  2. What is Government? • Purpose • Enforce Public Policies (what are they?) • Security v. Freedom • Characteristics • 3 Branches • Legislative • Executive • Judicial • Most bound by a constitution

  3. State • What is a state? • A body of people, living in a defined territory, organized politically and with the power to make and enforce law without the consent of any higher authority. • Nation v. Country

  4. Characteristic of a State • Population • Territory • Sovereignty • Government

  5. Origins of Government • Force Theory • Evolutionary Theory • Divine Right Theory • Social Contract

  6. Classifying Governments • Who can participate? • The geographic distribution of governmental power within the state • The relationship between the legislative and executive branches of government

  7. Who can participate? • Democracy • Despotism • Autocracy • Oligarchy

  8. Who can participate? Democracy • Supreme political authority rests w/ people • People hold sovereign power and government is conducted only by & with the consent of the people • “government of the people, by the people and for the people.” –Abraham Lincoln

  9. Who can participate? Democracy • Direct- (pure democracy)- people themselves create the policies • Practical for small communities • Indirect- (representative democracy)- group of people are chosen to represent specific populations

  10. Who can participate? Democracy

  11. Who can participate? Despotism • Those who’s rule cannot be held responsible to the will of the people • Oldest and most common throughout history • Autocracy • Oligarchy • Totalitarian • Usually gain power through force

  12. Geographic Distribution of Power • Unitary Government • Federal Government • Confederate Government

  13. Geographic Distribution of PowerUnitary Government • Centralized • Great Britain—Parliament • Local Governments only to relieve burden of menial tasks • Doesn’t mean Dictatorship!!!

  14. Geographic Distribution of PowerFederal Government • Division of Power • Ex: USA, Australia, Canada, Mexico, Germany, Switzerland, India and 20+ others

  15. Geographic Distribution of PowerConfederate Government • Alliance of independent states • Ex: USA Between 1781-1789, EU

  16. Relationship between Legislative and Executive Branches • Presidential Government (USA, France) • Executive and legislative branches of the Government are separate • Independent • Equal • Parliamentary (Great Britain, India) • Executive is the leader of the majority party

  17. Types of Government • Anarchy • Democracy • Autocracy • Monarchy • Dictatorship • Oligarchy • Stratocracy • Theocracy • Plutocracy

  18. Positives and Negatives of Government

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