Do Now

1. Do Now • Write a short story using ALL of the following words: • Happy • Snail • Coffee • Computer • Light bulb • Table • Salsa • Sandals

2. Do Now • 1. We are traveling over ____________ next. • 2. That is ______________ car. • 3. ____________ late for the appointment. • 4. ____________ are many reasons I want to go to Washington, DC. • 5. ____________ best friends.

3. Fill words into correct spots on blanks for today’s Do Now! Yesterday I went to an internet café for a cup of __________ and to use their ___________. I sat at a _________ __________ in the corner and went online. I decided to do some online shopping. I went to www.macys.com to order new __________ to wear on my feet this summer. I was __________ I got a good deal, since they were on sale. After a while, I got hungry, so I ordered chips & ________ from the café. Then a great idea went off in my head like a _____________. I would order something from Macy’s for my Mom!

4. Today’s Agenda!! • Organizational Patterns • Whole Class Practice!!

5. Organizational Patterns • After we have learned the many parts of writing, such as plot, characters, main idea, etc., we must be sure that we organize our writing so that it makes sense to our readers!! • There are numerous ways to organize writing, some of which include: chronological order, spatial order, cause and effect, and compare-contrast order.

6. Chronological Order • Chronological order is also called time sequence!! • When an essay is written in this order, it simply means that it presents events in the order in which they occurred, from first to last. • Example: The baseball team needed to raise money for team T-shirts. First, they held a meeting to discuss fundraising ideas. Then the team agreed upon a used book sale. Next, they asked their classmates to donate used books. Finally, the team sold the books in the cafeteria during lunch hour.

7. An easy way to identify chronological order • This type of organizational pattern can be easy to identify by looking for these key words, or transitions. Some words that signal chronological order are: first, next, finally, secondly, later, before, after, last, now, during, and then. • Some examples of phrases may be: the following morning, a few hours later, that Wednesday, by noon, when she was fifteen, before the sun rose, etc.

8. Let’s look at that first paragraph again • The baseball team needed to raise money for team T-shirts. First, they held a meeting to discuss fundraising ideas. Then the team agreed upon a used book sale. Next, they asked their classmates to donate used books. Finally, the team sold the books in the cafeteria during lunch hour. • In your notes, write down the words that tell you that this paragraph is written in chronological order. • First, Then, Next, and Finally

9. Spatial Order • In this pattern, items are arranged according to their physical position or relationships. • This is used to describe places or objects. • Examples: • In describing a shelf or desk, I might describe items on the left first, then move gradually toward the right. • Describing a room, I might start with what I see as I enter the door, then what I see as I step to the middle of the room, and finally the far side. • Describing a person, I might start at the feet and move up to the head, or just the other way around. Example: explain from right to left

10. Example of Spatial Order • My room is a mess! To the far left of my room is a moldy half-eaten pizza laying up against the wall. In the center of the room is a bed, covered in clothes and food, not to include the unmade sheets. The far right of my room is covered with dirty laundry and my dog bed. On the top of my shelves, there are books scattered everywhere. I think I should really clean my room.

11. Key words for Spatial Order • top, bottom, left, right, clockwise, counterclockwise, near, far, inside, outside, north, south, east, west, below, above, on, nearby, and beside

12. Let’s look at the paragraph again • My room is a mess! To the far left of my room is a moldy half-eaten pizza laying up against the wall. In the center of the room is a bed, covered in clothes and food, not to include the unmade sheets. The far right of my room is covered with dirty laundry and my dog bed. On the top of my shelves, there are books scattered everywhere. I think I should really clean my room. • What are the spatial order keywords?? • Far left, center, far right, on the top

13. Compare-Contrast Organization • Comparison and contrast are ways of looking at objects and thinking about how they are alike and different. • Compare- things that are alike • Contrast- things that are different • Analyze- mean to divide a complex whole into its parts or elements. analyze suggests separating or distinguishing the component parts of something (as a substance, a process, a situation)

14. Compare-Contrast Continued • A compare and contrast pattern arranges information according to how two or more things are similar to or different from one another • Example: Although they are sisters, Jennifer and Jessica are complete opposites. Jennifer enjoys playing sports, while Jessica would rather watch. Jennifer has no interest in playing a musical instrument, while Jessica is the first chair violinist. Jennifer listens to new age music, while Jessica prefers country. Jennifer’s favorite subject is English, and Jessica’s favorite is math. Jennifer likes to curl up in a chair on a rainy day and ready a good book, but Jessica would rather sleep all day. No one would ever guess that they are actually twins.

15. Cause and Effect Order • Cause and effect explains why or how one event causes another event to occur. • Why something happens is the cause.What happens because of the cause is the effect. • Clue words such as so, so that, since, because, therefore, and reason often signal cause and effect. Other clue words are as a result, if….then, and in order to. • When there are no clue words, look for cause and effect by thinking about what happens and why or how it happens.

16. Raise your hand to find another example of a cause an effect. Cause and Effect Example!! Long ago, the Irish depended heavily upon the potato, both for food and as a cash crop. During the years 1845 and 1851, Ireland’s potato crop failed repeatedly. As a result, millions of people died of starvation and disease. This time in history has come to be known as the Great Hunger, or the Potato Famine. The crops failed because of a disease called potato blight. The blight caused potatoes to rot in the ground, leaving the Irish with nothing to eat and no crops to sell. With no crops to sell, there was no money to buy other food. Food prices soared. British landlords evicted poverty-stricken families from their homes when they failed to pay their rent. Hunger, homelessness, and disease swept across the island. Historians now estimate that one million Irish died as a result of the famine. Another two million Irish emigrated to the United States, Canada, and other countries.

17. Whole Class Practice!! • You will all receive a handout, which we will go over together!!  • Please do not write on these. You will complete the work in your notebook.