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For Whom the Bell Tolls

For Whom the Bell Tolls. Ernest Hemingway. Background – For Whom the Bell Tolls. In 1937 Hemingway went to Spain as a correspondent because he had already fallen in love with Spain a decade before.

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For Whom the Bell Tolls

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  1. For Whom the Bell Tolls Ernest Hemingway

  2. Background – For Whom the Bell Tolls • In 1937 Hemingway went to Spain as a correspondent because he had already fallen in love with Spain a decade before. • Loyalists supported the Government (Republic) which wanted political, social, and economic reforms. Loyalists were comprised of working people, trade unions, socialists, communists, anarchists, and anti-Royalists. • The fascist party led by General Francisco Franco: professional military officers, the Royalists, The Church, wealthy landowners, and the peasantry.

  3. Background Continued • While Hemingway’s sympathies were with the Loyalists, the novel is not a political piece for him. • He found ridiculous excesses on both sides, ends and means hopelessly confused, sacrifice of life rendered meaningless by stupidity or betrayal. • Hemingway incorporated these sobering realities through the experience of Robert Jordan.

  4. Literary Aspects • In the dialogue Hemingway tried to convey the feeling Spanish is being spoken. • The dialogue varies between the dignified, somewhat archaic effect in some passages and the strong, colloquial, modern effects of others. • Symbols: Bridge and natural surroundings are most significant. • Structure: The three days of time in the novel from Jordan’s arrival and meeting with Anselmo in the first chapter to his ending in the last furnish a framework, as in a tragic drama.

  5. Code of the Hero • Robert Jordan is a complex protagonist. He is a man testing himself and the meaning of his existence in a world whose dominant values he cannot accept. • Even though Robert is not naïve, he believes in people and the ultimate meaning of what he is doing. • Is the novel ultimately an affirmation of human courage, dignity, and brotherhood? • Could it at least be a demonstration that mankind seeks perpetually to believe in values such as these?

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